Fig. 4 aFrom: Pediculus humanus capitis: a study of the male genitalia using a combined stereoscopic, confocal laser scanning, and scanning electron microscopy approachDetail of the structures of Pediculus humanus capitis under SEM. a General view of the genitalia: vesica stem, proximal lobe of the vesica (plv), distal lobe of the vesica (dlv), support of the penis, and penis. b Detail of the spines of the vesica stem (svs). c, d Details of the spines and scales of the vesica. For other abbreviations, see Figs. 1, 2 and 3Back to article page