Fig. 1

Infection of R. appendiculatus via acquisition feeding on a T. parva-infected calf. a Calf was infected via subcutaneous inoculation with T. parva salivary gland stabilate. The calf developed severe fever beginning 10 days post-infection. Red arrow indicates nymphal tick application and green arrows indicate collection of replete nymphs. b Detection of T. parva via p104 PCR. Amplicons were visualized in 2% agarose gel