Diagnosis of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) protocols: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 1 Main methodological characteristics of studies addressing leishmaniasis in animals

Author, year	Country	Clinical condition	Leishmania species	LAMP target	Animal species	Sample size (cases/controls)	Reference test
Celeste et al. [117]	Laboratory animals	CL	L. amazon-ensis, L. infantum	kDNA	Mesocricetus auratus (hamster)	18/4	PCR PCR-RFLP
Gao et al. [118]	China	VL CL	L. infantum	kDNA	Canis familiaris (dog)	111/30	Microscopy PCR
Chaouch et al. [119]	Tunisia	VL CL	L. infantum	cpb gene, 18S rRNA^a	Canis familiaris (dog)	75	Microscopy PCR
Alam et al. [120]	Bangladesh	VL	L. donovani	nd	Bos indicus (cattle)	11	LnPCR
Maurelli et al. [121]	Italy	VL CL	L. infantum (indicated)	18S rRNA	Canis familiaris (dogs)	60	qPCR

Study design: consecutive (suspected animals, decision on diseases status is done after recruiting) or case–control (animals were split into a case and a control group)
^aAdditional study data received from authors upon request. VL, visceral leishmaniasis; CL, cutaneous leishmaniasis; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; qPCR, quantitative PCR; LnPCR, nested PCR; PCR-RFLP, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism; kDNA, kinetoplast DNA; rRNA, ribosomal RNA; cpb gene, cysteine protease B multi-copy gene; nd, no data

ISSN: 1756-3305