Canine microfilaraemia in some regions of Iran

Hosseini, Seyed Hossein; Manshori-Ghaishghorshagh, Fateme; Ramezani, Mohammad; Nayebzadeh, Hassan; Ahoo, Mohammad Bagher; Eslamian, Ahdieh; Soltani, Minoo; Jamshidi, Shahram; Bezerra-Santos, Marcos Antonio; Jalousian, Fatemeh; Sazmand, Alireza; Otranto, Domenico

doi:10.1186/s13071-022-05209-7

Parasites & Vectors

Table 4 Prevalence of haematic microfilariae in dogs of Iran (n = 6520) until September 2021. Highest records are marked in bold

From: Canine microfilaraemia in some regions of Iran

Region	Province	No. examined	Method	Dirofilaria immitis infection rate (%)	Dirofilaria repens infection rate (%)	Acanthocheilonema reconditum infection rate (%)	Year of study	References
North	Mazandaran	25	Necropsy	4	60.9	NS^a	1968	[7]
		80	Microscopy	15.2	0	2.5	2004–2005	[33]
		220	Microscopy	10.9	0	0.9	2006–2008	[19]
		65	Microscopy	7.7	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2009	[32]
		65	Serology	4.6	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2009	[32]
		66	Microscopy	12.1	0	1.5	2016–2018	This study
		66	PCR	33	0	4.5	2016–2018	This study
		75	PCR	0	0	0	2018–2019	[34]
	Gilan	101	Microscopy	51.5	0	4.5	2006–2008	[19]
		70	Microscopy	42.8	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2009	[32]
		70	Serology	51.4	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2009	[32]
		27	Necropsy	25.9	NS	NS	2015	[38]
		28	Microscopy	39.3	0	3.6	2016–2018	This study
		28	PCR	78.6	0	3.6	2016–2018	This study
	Golestan	110	Microscopy	15.4	4.5	0	2006–2008	[19]
		65	Microscopy	10.8	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2009	[32]
		65	Serology	13.8	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2009	[32]
Northwest	West Azerbaijan	357	Microscopy	8.7	0	5.04	2001	[39]
		20	Necropsy	10	NS	NS	2010	[40]
		160	Microscopy	25.0	0	0	2010	[41]
		100	Microscopy	3	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2014	[42]
		100	Serology	0	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2014	[42]
	East Azerbaijan	80	Microscopy	25	0	0	NS	[43]
		100	Microscopy	30	0	0	2005–2006	[44]
		384	Serology	13.5	NS	NS	2011	[45]
		205	Microscopy	Not clear	0	Not clear	2010–2011	[46]
		205	PCR	26.2	0	19.5	2010–2011	[46]
		121	Microscopy	0	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2011–2012	[47]
		121	PCR	11.6	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2011–2012	[47]
		100	Microscopy	14	0	0	NS	[48]
		200	Microscopy	15	0	0	2017	[49]
	Ardebil	30	Necropsy	26.7	NS	NS	1987	[50]
		286	Microscopy	34.6	NS	NS	1992	[51]
		91	Microscopy	20.9	0	0	2009–2011	[52]
		15	Necropsy	13.3	0	0	2009–2011	[52]
		43	Serology	62.8	NS	NS	2017	[15]
West	Kordestan	74	Microscopy	8.1	0	0	2004–2005	[53]
	Kermanshah	120	Microscopy	18.3	0	0	2011	[10]
		51	PCR	0	0	0	2018–2019	[34]
	Hamedan	157	Microscopy	4.4	Microscopy: 0	9.5	2012	[21]
	Hamedan	157	PCR	4.4	Microscopy: 0	9.5	2012	[21]
		81	PCR	0	0	0	2018–2019	[34]
	Lorestan	101	Microscopy	0	0	0	2016–2018	This study
	Lorestan	101	PCR	6.9	0	0	2016–2018	This study
	Chaharmahal-va-Bakhtiari	69	Necropsy	1.5	NS	NS	2007–2009	[54]
Southwest	Khuzestan	23	Necropsy	8.7	NS	NS	1997	[55]
		119	Microscopy	12.6	0	0	NS	[56]
		100	Microscopy	5	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2007–2008	[57]
		100	Serology	6	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2007–2008	[57]
		200	Microscopy	8	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2011–2012	[58]
		200	Serology	9.5	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2011–2012	[58]
		69	PCR	0	0	0	2018–2019	[34]
East	Khorasan Razavi	138	Microscopy	0	6.4	5	1996–1997	[17]
Southeast	Kerman	100	Serology	10	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2008	[59]
		100	Microscopy	2
		98	Necropsy	0
		33	Microscopy	Not clear	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2013	[60]
		33	Serology	15.1	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2013	[60]
		149	Microscopy	2.7	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2013	[61]
			Serology	5.4
			PCR	4.02
		100	Microscopy	4	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2017–2018	[62]
		100	Serology	10	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2017–2018	[62]
	Sistan-va-Baluchestan	87	Microscopy	Not clear	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2013	[60]
	Sistan-va-Baluchestan	87	Serology	27.6	Microscopy: 0	Microscopy: 0	2013	[60]
		60	Microscopy	8.3	0	1.7	2013	[63]
		99	Microscopy	30.3	0	0	2017	[64]
Centre	Tehran	139	Microscopy	0	0	4.3	NS	[18]
		138	Microscopy	1.42	0	8.7	1998–1999	[65]
		311	Microscopy	0	0	0	2017	[16]
		311	PCR	2.3	26	NS	2017	[16]
	Qazvin	44	Microscopy	2.3	0	0	2016–2018	This study
	Qazvin	44	PCR	27.3	0	0	2016–2018	This study
	Esfahan	105	Microscopy	0.9	0	0.9	2016–2018	This study
	Esfahan	105	PCR	0.9	0	0.9	2016–2018	This study
	Semnan	122	Microscopy	13.1	0	2.4	NS	[66]
		112	Microscopy	5.3	0	0	2014	[67]
	Yazd	78	PCR	0	0	0	2018–2019	[34]
South	Fars	114	Microscopy	9.6	0	0	1995	[68]
		105	Necropsy	0.9	NS	NS	1998–1999	[69]

^aNS: not stated

Back to article page

ISSN: 1756-3305

Contact us

Submission enquiries: journalsubmissions@springernature.com