From a long-distance threat to the invasion front: a review of the invasive Aedes mosquito species in Belgium between 2007 and 2020

Deblauwe, Isra; De Wolf, Katrien; De Witte, Jacobus; Schneider, Anna; Verlé, Ingrid; Vanslembrouck, Adwine; Smitz, Nathalie; Demeulemeester, Julie; Van Loo, Thomas; Dekoninck, Wouter; Krit, Meryam; Madder, Maxime; Müller, Ruth; Van Bortel, Wim

doi:10.1186/s13071-022-05303-w

Table 1 Overview of the 52 points of entry (PoEs) monitored in Belgium between 2007 and 2020, indicating the PoE type, municipality, geographical coordinates, risk scenario per year and invasive mosquito species (IMS) detected and number of years monitored

From: From a long-distance threat to the invasion front: a review of the invasive Aedes mosquito species in Belgium between 2007 and 2020

PoE code	PoE type	Municipality	Latitude	Longitude	MODIRISK				EXOSURV	FASFC				MEMO			MEMO +2020/DiMoC	IMS detected	Total no. years monitored
PoE code	PoE type	Municipality	Latitude	Longitude	2007	2008	2009	2010	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	IMS detected	Total no. years monitored
AL	Airport (cargo)	Grâce-Hollogne	50.637071	5.430389					SC1	SC1	SC1	SC1		SC1	SC1	SC1			7
AZ1	Airport (cargo)	Zaventem	50.906050	4.463900	SC1				SC1	SC1	SC1	SC1		SC1					6
AO	Airport (cargo)	Ostend	51.204808	2.874425	SC1				SC1	SC1	SC1	SC1							5
AC	Airport (passenger)	Charleroi	50.469697	4.471293										SC1	SC1	SC1			3
AZ2	Airport (passenger)	Zaventem	50.899057	4.483719											SC1	SC1			2
EU	Allotment garden at border with Germany	Eupen	50.632399	6.073232										(SC1)^a	SC1 INS	SC1 INS		Ae. japonicus	3
RO	Cemetery at border with Germany	Büllingen	50.432761	6.294764										SC1	SC1	SC1			3
RA	Cemetery at border with Germany	Raeren	50.675553	6.110327										SC1					1
MM	Industrial zone	Maasmechelen	50.995255	5.621248		SC2	SC2		SC2	SC2	SC2	SC2		SC2	SC1/SC3	SC3^b		Ae. koreicus, Ae. japonicus	9
IB	Industrial zone	Bastogne	49.988369	5.705020		SC1													1
IH	Industrial zone	Arlon	49.648972	5.828590		SC1													1
IF	Industrial zone	Floreffe	50.445179	4.776840		SC1													1
3R	Industrial zone	Dilsen-Stokkem	51.014159	5.697125					SC1										1
EB	Lucky bamboo import company	Lochristi	51.112279	3.836114	SC1	SC1			SC1	SC1	SC1 INS	SC1 INS	SC1 INS	SC1	SC1 INS	SC1 INS		Ae. albopictus	10
E7	Parking lot along highway	Rekkem	50.764356	3.172908					SC1	SC1	SC1	SC1		SC1					5
E2	Parking lot along highway	Messancy	49.643818	5.830286					SC1					SC1	SC1 INS	SC1		Ae. albopictus	4
E4	Parking lot along highway	Raeren	50.717536	6.117821										SC1	SC1	SC1	SC1		4
E6	Parking lot along highway	Kortrijk	50.799111	3.252428											SC1	SC1 INS	SC1	Ae. albopictus	3
E8	Parking lot along highway	Saint-Ghislain	50.451261	3.804774											SC1	SC1	SC1		3
E12	Parking lot along highway	Eghezée	50.600423	4.792036												SC1	SC1 INS	Ae. albopictus	2
E3	Parking lot along highway	Aubange	49.550703	5.808331					SC1					SC1					2
E5	Parking lot along highway	Houyet	50.144183	5.079253											SC1 INS	SC1 INS		Ae. albopictus	2
E0	Parking lot along highway	Sprimont	50.524368	5.667709												SC1 INS		Ae. albopictus	1
E11	Parking lot along highway	Arlon	49.676605	5.784327					SC1										1
E9	Parking lot along highway	Hensies	50.438789	3.670263										SC1					1
P1	Parking lot along highway	Hoogstraten	51.419962	4.707289													SC1		1
P2	Parking lot along highway	Vosselaar	51.291587	4.872080													SC1		1
PG1	Port	Ghent	51.108754	3.751126	SC1				SC1	SC1	SC1	SC1							5
A1	Port	Antwerp	51.329414	4.345138	SC1				SC1										2
A2	Port	Antwerp	51.252230	4.395134	SC1				SC1										2
PG2	Port	Ghent	51.159808	3.780577											SC1^c				1
PZ	Port	Zeebrugge	51.337907	3.203598										SC1					1
PA2	Port (left bank)	Kallo	51.278834	4.276499										SC1	SC1^c				2
PA1	Port (right bank)	Antwerp	51.263685	4.360237						SC1	SC1	SC1						Ae. albopictus	3
AR	Recycling area	Achêne	50.260330	5.063560		SC1													1
RM	Recycling area	Monceau-sur-Sambre	50.431431	4.389880		SC1													1
EV	Shelter for imported cutting plants	Brussels	50.888243	4.382161					SC1	SC1	SC1	SC1				SC1			5
EP	Shelter for imported cutting plants	Wevelgem	50.815885	3.211485					SC1										1
PE	Shelter for imported cutting plants	Sint-Katelijne-Waver	51.055363	4.507212					SC1										1
AT	Used tyre import company	Vrasene	51.213511	4.193505	SC1	SC1	SC1		SC1	SC1 INS	SC1	SC1	SC1 INS	SC1	SC1	SC1		Ae. albopictus	11
MB	Used tyre import company	Dilsen-Stokkem	51.016332	5.695365		SC1		SC1			SC1	SC1		SC1	SC1	SC1		Ae. koreicus	7
VP	Used tyre import company	Villers-Le-Bouillet	50.585328	5.259748					SC1	SC1	SC1	SC1		SC1	SC1	SC1			7
HA	Used tyre import company	Natoye	50.338961	5.045369	SC2		SC2	SC2	SC2					SC2	SC2^b	SC2^b	SC2^b	Ae. japonicus	8
BA	Used tyre import company	Frameries	50.412026	3.924913									SC1 INS	SC1	SC1 INS	SC1		Ae. albopictus	4
SP	Used tyre import company	Natoye	50.335863	5.071636		SC2			SC2^b					SC1	SC1			Ae. japonicus	4
AB	Used tyre import company	Kallo	51.251563	4.217950										SC1	SC1 INS	SC1		Ae. albopictus	3
DI	Used tyre import company	Houthalen-Helchteren	51.038874	5.398481		SC1	SC1		SC1										3
TR	Used tyre import company	La Louvière	50.472498	4.141277					SC1	SC1									2
IN	Used tyre import company	Hamme	51.094059	4.146750		SC1													1
EC	Wholesale market	Brussels	50.878371	4.371272					SC1	SC1	SC1	SC1							4
ET	Wholesale market	Liège	50.648771	5.621613										SC1	SC1^c				2
MC	Wholesale market	Charleroi	50.390757	4.451212										SC1	SC1^c				2
Total # PoE's monitored					8	12	4	2	23	13	13	13	3	23	23	21	7

SC1 = scenario 1 (no establishment), SC1 INS = scenario 1 with IMS introduction followed by intensive survey (INS), SC2 = scenario 2 (locally established, < 25 km²), SC3 = scenario 3 (widely established, > 25 km²)
^aMonitoring activities at EU in 2017 were part of the monitoring at and around RA
^bAlthough the IMS is locally (scenario 2) or widely (scenario 3) established, a scenario 1 monitoring was implemented. At MM no spread was detected outside the 6-km buffer zone and control measures were implemented at the hotspot in 2019. At HA no spread was detected outside the used tyre import company in 2017 and in 2020 control measures were ongoing. SP belonged to the scenario 2 monitoring of HA
^cMonitoring activities were stopped in June 2018

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ISSN: 1756-3305

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