Table 2 Types of breeding sites and their mean larval densities in the rainy and dry season according to the level of urbanization of the districts
Seasons | Habitat types | Parakou | Natitingou | Bohicon | Cotonou | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Urban districts, n (mean larval density/dip) | Non-urban districts, n (mean larval density/dip) | Urban districts, n (mean larval density/dip) | Non-urban districts, n (mean larval density/dip) | Urban districts, n (mean larval density/dip) | Non-urban districts, n (mean larval density/dip) | Urban districts, n (mean larval density/dip) | Non-urban districts, n (mean larval density/dip) | ||
Rainy season | Gutters | 2 (18.5 ± 23.3) | 3 (4.3 ± 4.9) | 0 | 1 (5) | 5 (11.4 ± 12.0) | 1 (1) | 0 | 0 |
Tyres | 5 (1.5 ± 0.8) | 9 (1.9 ± 1.6) | 5 (2.5 ± 2.1) | 0 | 4 (2.7 ± 1.7) | 2 (3.5 ± 2.1) | 1 (2) | 0 | |
Vegetable farms | 0 | 2 (7 ± 4.2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (6.5 ± 4.9) | 0 | |
Puddles | 2 (1.2 ± 0.3) | 7 (4.5 ± 3.5) | 10 (3.7 ± 3.1) | 4 (5.2 ± 6.5) | 17 (3 ± 2.1) | 10 (3.4 ± 4.4) | 21 (4.3 ± 4.5) | 14 (2.5 ± 1.5) | |
Tyre tracks | 3 (12 ± 12.1) | 0 | 2 (6.5 ± 2.1) | 3 (6.3 ± 3.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 (4 ± 3.6) | |
Swamps | 1 (3) | 0 | 1 (3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Pits | 0 | 0 | 1 (3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 (1.3 ± 0.6) | 0 | |
Water containers for animals | 0 | 1 (1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Hoof imprints | 1 (2) | 0 | 0 | 1(2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Tin can | 0 | 1 (1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Ponds | 6 (7.2 ± 5.3) | 0 | 5 (6.3 ± 8.3) | 0 | 1 (2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Abandoned cans | 0 | 0 | 1(4) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Wells | 0 | 0 | 1(0.5) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Construction sites | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (6) | 0 | |
Total | 20 (8.7 ± 8.9) | 23 (3.4 ± 3.2) | 26 (3.9 ± 4.3) | 9 (5.2 ± 4.9) | 27 (4.5 ± 6.0) | 13 (3.3 ± 3.9) | 28 (4.1 ± 4.2) | 17 (2.8 ± 1.9) | |
Dry season | Gutters | 1 (3) | 2 (4.5 ± 3.5) | 1 (2) | 0 | 2 (4.5 ± 0.7) | 2 (4 ± 4.2) | 2 (2 ± 1.4) | 0 |
Tyres | 1 (5) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1(2) | 0 | 1(0.5) | 0 | |
Vegetable farms | 0 | 0 | 2 (4 ± 4.2) | 0 | 1 (5) | 0 | 2 (2.5 ± 0.7) | 0 | |
Puddles | 0 | 2 (2.5 ± 2.1) | 2 (1.5 ± 0.70) | 0 | 1(0.1) | 0 | 0 | 1(2) | |
Tyre tracks | 0 | 1 (2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1(2) | |
Hollow bricks | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1(0.5) | |
Flowerpots | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1(1) | 0 | |
Under bridges | 0 | 2 (3.5 ± 3.5) | 0 | 0 | 1 (2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
Swamps | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (1 ± 0) | |
Pits | 1 (0.5) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (7) | |
Total | 3 (2.8 ± 2.2) | 7 (3.3 ± 2.4) | 5 (2.6 ± 2.1) | 0 | 6 (3.0 ± 1.9) | 2 (4 ± 4.2) | 6 (1.7 ± 1.1) | 6 (2.3 ± 2.4) | |
P-value | 0.2667 | 0.9399 | 0.5180 | – | 0.5535 | 0.8180 | 0.1789 | 0.1347 | |