Fig. 1

a, b Maps showing the predicted onset of the high transmission season in 2019, with the colour scale representing the week (W) of onset: a predicted onset using the App-A predictive approach (based on median rainfall data and median lag data for the 2014–2018 period, b predicted onset using the App-B predictive approach (based on rainfall data for 2019 and median lag data for the 2014–2018 period). c, d Maps showing the prediction error in weeks, with the colour scale representing the error value (note: a difference between - 2 and + 2 weeks was considered acceptable): cprediction error using App-A, d prediction error using App-B