| Pathogens in ectoparasites | Overall | Tanzania (%) | Kenya (%) | Uganda (%) | Nigeria (%) | Ghana (%) | Namibia (%) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rural | Urban | Rural | Urban | Rural | Urban | Rural | Urban | Rural | Urban | Rural | Urban | |||
Ticks | B. canis | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Â | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Â | Â | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
B. rossi | 1.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.5 | Â | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Â | Â | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
E. chaffeensis | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Â | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Â | Â | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
A. platys | 1.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Â | 0.0 | 25.0 | 0.0 | Â | Â | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
A. phagocytophilum | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Â | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Â | Â | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
R. conorii | 1.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Â | 20.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Â | Â | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
R. africae | 5.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 3.5 | Â | 0.0 | 25.0 | 0.0 | Â | Â | 20.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
C. burnetti | 8.3 | 20.0 | 0.0ns | 6.9 | Â | 0.0 | 0.0 | 25.0 | Â | Â | 20.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
H. canis | 50.0 | 80.0 | 40.0ns | 55.2 | Â | 0.0 | 25.0 | 75.0 | Â | Â | 40.0 | 100.0 | 0.0 | |
D. immitis | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Â | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Â | Â | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
E. canis | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Â | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Â | Â | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
B. felis | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Â | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Â | Â | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
Tick pools | 60 | 5 | 5 | 29 | Â | 5 | 4 | 4 | Â | Â | 5 | 2 | 1 | |
Shannon’ index |  | 0.50 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 0.6 |  |  | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
Fleas | B. henselae | 11.9 | 4.6 | 14.3Â ns | 15.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Â | Â | Â | 40.0 | 33.3 | 10.0 |
M. haemofelis | 10.2 | 0.0 | 14.3Â ns | 15.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Â | Â | Â | 0.0 | 0.0 | 30.0 | |
D. caninum | 5.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 7.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | Â | Â | Â | 20.0 | 33.3 | 10.0 | |
R. felis | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | Â | Â | Â | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | |
Flea pools | 118 | 22 | 21 | 39 | 1 | 10 | 7 | Â | Â | Â | 5 | 3 | 10 | |
Shannon’ index |  | 0.0 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |  |  |  | 0.6 | 0.7 | 1.0 |