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Table 3 Predictive factors associated with Anopheles larval densities

From: Influence of landscape heterogeneity on entomological and parasitological indices of malaria in Kisumu, Western Kenya

Parameter

Details

Coefficient

Odd ratio (95% CI)

P-value

Landscape zones

Highland plateau

0

1

 

Lakeshore

1.173

3.23 (2.50–4.18)

 < 0.0001

Hillside

0.594

1.81 (1.32–2.48)

 < 0.0001

Habitat type

Brick pit

0

1

 

Drainage

0.055

1.06 (0.74–1.51)

0.761

River edge

− 0.28

0.76 (0.44–1.30)

0.309

Swamp

− 0.922

0.40 (0.24–0.66)

 < 0.0001

Animal hoof print

1.731

5.65 (3.48–9.17)

 < 0.0001

Tire truck

0.532

1.70 (1.14–2.55)

0.001

Manmade pond

− 0.858

0.42 (0.29–0.63)

 < 0.0001

Rain natural pond

− 1.09

0.34 (0.18–0.64)

0.001

Rock pool

− 1.01

0.36 (0.15–0.88)

0.024

Water container

− 2.619

0.07 (0.10–0.56)

0.012

Land use type

Cultivated land

0

1

 

Shrub land

0.194

1.21 (0.83–1.78)

0.322

Pasture/grassland

0.558

1.75 (1.41–2.16)

 < 0.0001

Wetland

0.832

2.30 (1.60–3.29)

 < 0.0001

Substrate

Plastic/container

0

1

 

Sand

− 0.0824

0.44 (0.05–3.60)

0.443

Mad

− 1.338

0.26 (0.03–2.14)

0.211

Distance

 > 200 m

0

1

 

 < 100 m

− 0.103

0.90 (0.35–2.27)

0.826

100–200

0.163

1.18 (0.46–3.01)

0.735

Season

Dry

0

1

 

Wet

1.523

4.59 (3.61–5.83)

 < 0.0001

Predators

Yes

0

1

 

No

− 0.303

0.77 (0.61–0.89)

0.002

Algae

Yes

0

1

 

No

0.721

2.06 (0.80–5.30)

0.136

Vegetation cover

 

− 0.001

1.00 (0.99–1.00)

0.451

Habitat size

 

− 0.008

0.99 (0.99–0.99)

0.034

(Scale)

 

1

  

(Negative binomial)

 

1

  
  1. Dependent variable: Anopheles density
  2. Model: (Intercept), topography, habitat type, land use, substrate, distance, season, predator, algae, vegetation cover, habitat size