Fig. 1

Diagram of the effects of antibiotic treatment. a Bacterial colony growth from the gut homogenate of the control group on an LB agar plate. b Bacterial colony growth from the gut homogenate of the antibiotic treatment group on an LB agar plate. c Absolute quantitation of bacterial diversity by Accu16S™ at the genus level. d Antibiotic treatment did not affect the survival rate of Cx. pipiens pallens. e Number of eggs laid. f Hatching rate. Three biological replicates were examined, and significant differences were determined using Student’s t-test and log-rank test; *P < 0.05. The letters C and T represent the control and antibiotic-treated groups, respectively