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Table 4 Summary of molecular studies for Strongyloides stercoralis

From: From past to present: opportunities and trends in the molecular detection and diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis

Genetic marker

Type of PCRa

Sample typeb

Type of study

References

18S

cPCR

Fecal

•Cross sectional

[93]

   

•Molecular technique

[21]

   

•Cross sectional

[94]

   

•Prospective

[95]

   

•Cross sectional

[96]

  

Larva

•Case report

[97]

   

•Cross sectional

[98]

   

•Case report

[99]

   

•Molecular technique

[40]

   

•Cross sectional and phylogenetics

[100]

   

•Cross sectional and phylogenetics

[101]

   

•Cross sectional, phylogenetics, and genetic diversity

[42]

   

•Cross sectional, phylogenetics, and genetic diversity

[102]

   

•Phylogenetics

[103]

   

•Cross sectional and genetic diversity

[104]

   

•Case report

[105]

   

•Cross sectional and phylogenetics

[106]

   

•Cross sectional and phylogenetics

[107]

  

Serum

•Cross sectional

[47]

 

Multiplex cPCR

Larva

•Molecular technique

[108]

 

RT-PCR

Fecal

•Cross sectional

[109]

   

•Cross sectional

[110]

   

•Cross sectional

[111]

   

•Cross sectional

[112]

   

•Cross sectional

[113]

 

Multiplex RT-PCR

Larva

•Molecular technique

[114]

 

LAMP

Urine

•Molecular technique

[52]

 

cPCR, Illumina

Fecal

•Cross sectional, phylogenetics, molecular technique

[115]

 

cPCR, RT-PCR, Illumina

Fecal

•Cross sectional, phylogenetics, genotyping

[116]

28S

cPCR

Larva

•Cross sectional and phylogenetics

[101]

 

RT-PCR

Fecal

•Molecular technique

[117]

 

LAMP

Larva

•Molecular technique

[118]

ITS1

Nested PCR

Fecal

•Cross sectional

[119]

  

Larva

•Cross sectional

[120]

 

Multiplex cPCR

Fecal

•Case report

[121]

Repetitive elements

RT-PCR, Illumina

Larva

•Molecular technique

[122]

MSP

cPCR

Larva

•Cross sectional and phylogenetics

[101]

12S

cPCR

Larva

•Phylogenetics

[123]

 

Illumina

Larva

•DNA metabarcoding

[51]

16S

cPCR

Larva

•Phylogenetics

[123]

 

Illumina

Larva

•DNA metabarcoding

[51]

COI

cPCR

Larva

•Cross sectional and phylogenetics

[100]

   

•Case report

[99]

   

•Cross sectional and phylogenetics

[101]

   

•Cross sectional, phylogenetics, and genetic diversity

[42]

   

•Cross sectional, phylogenetics, and genetic diversity

[102]

   

•Phylogenetics

[124]

   

•Case report

[105]

   

•Cross sectional and phylogenetics

[106]

  

Serum

•Cross sectional

[47]

 

Nested PCR

Fecal

•Phylogenetics and genetic diversity

[41]

 

cPCR, Illumina

Fecal

•Cross sectional, phylogenetics, molecular technique

[115]

   

•Cross sectional, phylogenetics, genotyping

[116]

Metagenome

Illumina

Cerebrospinal fluid

•Case report

[50]

  

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid

•Cross sectional

[49]

   

•Cross-sectional

[48]

Whole genome

Illumina

Larva

•Genomics

[125]

   

•Cross sectional and phylogenetics

[106]

   

•Phylogenetics and genomics

[126]

  1. aRT-PCR real-time PCR, cPCR conventional PCR
  2. bThe fecal sample type indicates that molecular detection was performed directly from the fecal sample, while the larva sample type indicates that Strongyloides larvae were first isolated from the fecal sample and molecular identification was performed using the isolated larvae