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Fig. 1 | Parasites & Vectors

Fig. 1

From: Clonorchis sinensis granulin promotes malignant transformation of human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells through interaction with M2 macrophages via regulation of STAT3  phosphorylation and the MEK/ERK pathway

Fig. 1

a–e Clonorchis sinensis granulin (CsGRN) induces the malignant proliferation, metastasis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells (HIBECs). An EdU-488 assay (a) and colony formation assay (b) were conducted to determine the proliferation capability of HIBEC cells treated with 10 μg/ml of recombinant Maltose Binding Protein (MBP)-CsGRN or MBP after 24 h, respectively. Scale bar 10 μM. A Transwell assay (c) and wound healing assay (d) were performed to estimate the invasion capability of HIBECs treated with 10 μg/ml MBP-CsGRN or MBP after 24 h. e Western blot was used to estimate the expression level of EMT-related proteins. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001. DAPI 4′,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole, MMP9 matrix metalloproteinase 9, N-CAD N-cadherin, ZO-1 tight junction protein, GADPH glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase

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Parasites & Vectors

ISSN: 1756-3305

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