Fig. 4

Proportion of amplified blood meals identified as human stratified by Simulium damnosum (s.l.) cystospecies (a) and trapping technique (b). DNA was amplified from ovipositing and host-seeking adult female blackflies collected from host-independent traps (Bellec traps and Monks Wood light traps) and host-dependent traps (vector collector, human-baited tent and cattle-baited tent). Data are presented from blackflies with only one detected blood meal and hence the proportions can be interpreted as estimates of the human blood index (HBI). Error bars represent 95 % Bayesian credible intervals