Table 4 Data on Echinococcus multilocularis infection in definitive and intermediate hosts
Country | Definitive hosts (DHs) | Intermediate hosts (HIs) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Red fox | Raccoon dog | Other (sylvatic) | Other (domestic) | Arvicolids | Muskrat | Other | |
Austria(L) | Yes | na | na | No (cat, dog) | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Belgium | Yes | na | na | na | Yes | Yes | No (murids; insectivores) |
Bulgaria(N) | na(S) | na(S) | na | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Croatia(L) | Yes | na(S) | na | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Cyprus(F) | na | na | na(S) | No (dog) | na(S) | na | na(S) |
Czech Republic | Yes | na | na | Yes (cat, dog) | Yes | na | No (murids; insectivores) |
Denmark(L) | Yes | No | No (wild canids) | Yes (cat), no (dog) | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Estonia(L) | Yes | Yes | na | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Finland(F) | No | No | No (wild canids) | No (dog) | No | na | No (swine) |
France | Yes | na | na | Yes (cat, dog) | Yes | Yes | Yes (nutria, murids); No (insectivores) |
Germany | Yes | Yes | na | Yes (cat, dog) | Yes | Yes | Yes (nutria, swine); No (murids) |
Greece(F) | na(S) | na(S) | na | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Hungary(L) | Yes | na | Yes (golden jackal) | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Ireland(F) | No | na(S) | na | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Italy | Yes | na | na | No (cat, dog) | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Latvia(L) | Yes | Yes | Yes (wild canids) | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Lithuania | Yes | Yes | na | Yes (dog) | na(S) | na(S) | Yes (swine) |
Luxembourg | Yes | na | na | No (cat, dog) | na | Yes | na |
Malta(F) | na | na | na(S) | No (dog) | na(S) | na | na(S) |
Netherlands | Yes | No | na | Yes (cat) No (dog) | na | Yes | na |
Poland(L) | Yes | Yes | na | No (cat, dog) | No | na(S) | No (murids; insectivores) |
Portugal(N) | na(S) | na(S) | na | na | na | na(S) | na |
Romania | Yes | na | na | na | Yes | na | No (swine) |
Slovakia(L) | Yes | Yes | No (wild canids) | Yes (dog) No (cat) | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Slovenia(L) | Yes | na | na | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Spain(F) | No | na(S) | na | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Sweden | Yes | No | No (wild canids) | No (dog) | na | na(S) | No (swine) |
United Kingdom(F) | No | na(S) | na | No (cat, dog) | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Albania(N) | na(S) | na(S) | na | na | na | na | na |
Belarus(N) | na(S) | na(S) | na | na | na | na | na |
Bosnia and Herzegovina(N) | na(S) | na(S) | na | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Macedonia(N) | na(S) | na(S) | na | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Iceland(N) | na(S) | na(S) | na | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Kosovo(N) | na(S) | na(S) | na | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Liechtenstein(L) | Yes | na | na | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Moldova(N) | na(S) | na(S) | na | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Montenegro(N) | na(S) | na(S) | na | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Norway | No | na(S) | Yes (Arctic fox) | na | Yes | na | No (swine) |
Russia(N) | na(S) | na(S) | na | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Serbia(N) | na(S) | na(S) | na | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Switzerland | Yes | na | na | Yes (cat, dog) | Yes | na | No (murids) Yes (swine) |
Turkey(N) | na(S) | na(S) | na | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |
Ukraine(L) | Yes | No | No (wild canids) | na | na(S) | na(S) | na |