Figure 1

Entomological bioassay. Lutzomyia longipalpis specimens blood-fed directly on dogs treated with fluralaner. a A cylindrical plastic pot covered with a net, containing 20 female/5–10 male specimens of Lu. longipalpis, was positioned onto the ventral region of each dog for 40 min. b Insects were fed with cotton soaked with a glucose-saturated solution, maintained and monitored in an insectary under standard conditions and assays at 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h post-exposure to determine mortality rate. c Dead specimens of Lu. longipalpis after the observational period.