Figure 3From: Use of Multiple Displacement Amplification as Pre-polymerase Chain Reaction (Pre-PCR) to amplify genomic DNA of siphonapterids preserved for long periods in scientific collectionsAmplification, with the use of the MDA technique, of the 200 bp fragment of the 16S mtDNA gene of samples from scientific collections preserved in 70% ethanol and stored at room temperature. 1) 100 bp DNA Marker; 2) Tunga penetrans (control); 3) Ctenocephalides felis felis (Control); 4 and 5) T. penetrans (2007 and 2002); 6 and 7) T. travassosi (1966 and 1916); 8, 9 and 10) T. caecata (2007, 1980 and 1989); 11 and 12) T. terasma (1996 and 2003); 13) T. bondari (1909); 14 and 15) Tunga sp. (2000); 16) C. felis felis (1988); 17) Negative control.Back to article page