Schistosoma-associated Salmonella resist antibiotics via specific fimbrial attachments to the flatworm

Parasites & Vectors

Table 2 Apparent MIC data for Salmonella adhering to Schistosoma.

Antibiotic	MICs and Breakpoints
	MIC prior to exposure to *Schistosoma*	MIC during adherence to *Schistosoma*	MIC following exposure to *Schistosoma*	Breakpoint of the antibiotic for *Salmonella*[17]
amoxicillin	16 μg/ml	256 μg/ml	16 μg/ml	32 μg/ml
cefepime	16 μg/ml	128 μg/ml	16 μg/ml	32 μg/ml
cefpodoxime	32 μg/ml	256 μg/ml	32 μg/ml	32 μg/ml
chloramphenicol	16 μg/ml	64 μg/ml	16 μg/ml	32 μg/ml
ciprofloxacin	0.25 μg/ml	8 μg/ml	0.25 μg/ml	4 μg/ml
streptomycin	16 μg/ml	256 μg/ml	16 μg/ml	32 μg/ml
sulfadimethoxine	128 μg/ml	1024 μg/ml	64 μg/ml	512 μg/ml
tetracycline	8 μg/ml	64 μg/ml	8 μg/ml	16 μg/ml

Italicized number indicate resistance to the respective antibiotic. Adherence to HEp-2 cells or Girardia had no effect on the apparent MIC values for Salmonella (not shown). Adherence to schistosomes had no effect on the apparent MIC values for pathogenic and avirulent E. coli (not shown).

ISSN: 1756-3305