The synergistic action of imidacloprid and flumethrin and their release kinetics from collars applied for ectoparasite control in dogs and cats

Table 1 The results of 5 independent experiments are summarised

Trial	100 nM Imidacloprid		50 nM Flumethrin		100 nM Imidacloprid + 50 nM Flumethrin		Synergism
Trial	Amp[μV]	cps	Amp[μV]	cps	Amp[μV]	cps
05-05	75	75	-	5	150	100	++
21-05a	50	58	-	5	100	89	++
21-05b	50	75	-	10	70	100	++
25-05a	50	80	10	40	100	90	+/-
25-05b	70	50	-	10	100	80	++
mean	59	67.1	-	14	104	91.8
SD	12.45	12.9	-	14.75	28.81	8.44
P* [vs combination of Flu/Imi]	0.009	0.003	na	0.0007	-	-

The isolated nerve cord fibres of Spodoptera frugiperda were stimulated with 100 nM imidacloprid, 50 nM flumethrin and then a combination of these two compounds and the amplitude of nerve discharge and the number of discharges (counts per second, cps) are given. Imidacloprid alone had a modest effect, flumethrin alone had a negligible effect and the combination of both compounds together demonstrate a clearly synergistic effect well in excess of what either compound alone induced
* Normality and two-sided paired t-test was perfomed for all data from five trials using SigmaPlot for Windows 11.0 (Build 11.0.0.75, ^© 2008 Systat Software, Inc.)

ISSN: 1756-3305