Co-infection of tuberculosis and parasitic diseases in humans: a systematic review

Li, Xin-Xu; Zhou, Xiao-Nong

doi:10.1186/1756-3305-6-79

Parasites & Vectors

Table 2 Case reports of co-infection between TB and parasitic diseases

From: Co-infection of tuberculosis and parasitic diseases in humans: a systematic review

Country	Year of report	Tuberculosis	Parasitic disease	Sex	Age	HIV test	Supplement	No. of reference
Spain	1996	Renal TB	Visceral leishmaniasis	Male	44 years	Negative	Haemodialysis for 19 months	[8]
Brazil	2001	PTB	Visceral leishmaniasis	Male	29 years	Negative	Pneumocystis carinii positive	[9]
Turkey	2003	PTB	Visceral leishmaniasis	Male	39 years	Negative	Renal transplantation in 2001; Anti-HCV and HCV RNA positive	[10]
India	2005	PTB	Visceral leishmaniasis	Male	37 years	Positive	Tuberculoma of brain	[11]
India	2006	PTB	Visceral leishmaniasis	Female	40 years	Positive		[12]
India	2006	PTB	Visceral leishmaniasis	Male	40 years	Positive		[12]
Colombia	1996	PTB	Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis	Male	50 years	Negative		[13]
France	2003	PTB	Cutaneous leishmaniasis	Male	44 years	Negative	A migrant from Brazil; Polar lepromatous leprosy	[14]
Sri Lanka	2010	Extrapulmonary TB	Mucosal leishmaniasis	Male	52 years	Negative	T-lymphocyte subsets: CD3-437, CD4-237, CD8-146 μl; Serum IgG-532 and IgM-36 mg/dl	[15]
India	2010	PTB	Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis	Female	25 years	Positive	On treatment for leprosy and PTB for the past 2 months	[16]
France	2000	Lymph node TB	Lymph node trichomoniasis	Female	82 years	Negative		[17]
India	2010	PTB	Perinatal falciparum malaria	Female	34 days	Unknown	Maternal history of falciparum malaria during eighth month of pregnancy; Father was smear-positive PTB case.	[18]
Haiti	1984	PTB	Toxoplasmosis	Male	27 years	Unknown	Toxoplasmosis proved fatal and was diagnosed only at autopsy.	[19]
Sri Lanka	2011	Lymph node TB	Toxoplasmosis Toxocariasis	Male	4 years	Negative		[20]
Korea	2012	Disseminated TB	Cerebral toxoplasmosis	Male	24 years	Unknown	A non-Korean engineer with abdominal TB	[21]
Australia	2001	PTB Tuberculous lymphadenitis	Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis	Male	30 years		A migrant from the Philippines; A history of alcohol abuse	[22]
India	1991	PTB	Hydatid disease	Female	5 years	Unknown		[23]
Turkey	2002	PTB	Cardiac hydatid cyst	Female	52 years	Negative		[24]
China	2004	TB in liver and abdominal cavity	Liver multiple hydatidosis	Female	28 years	Negative		[25]
Sudan	2009	PTB	Hydatid disease	Female	25 years	Unknown	In a solitary pulmonary nodule of left lower lobe	[26]
China	2009	PTB	Liver echinococcosis	Male	18 years	Unknown	PTB was previously confirmed in 2000 and found relapse in 2008.	[27]
China	2009	PTB	Liver echinococcosis	Female	36 years	Unknown	PTB was previously confirmed in 1998 and found relapse in 2008.	[27]
Britain	1994	PTB	Strongyloidiasis Giardiasis	Male	31 years	Unknown	A migrant from Gambia; Being resident in the United Kingdom for two years	[28]
India	2001	TB verrucosa cutis	Filarial elephantiasis	Male	55 years	Unknown		[29]

Abbreviations: HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; PTB = pulmonary tuberculosis; HCV = hepatitis C virus; RNA = ribonucleic acid; CD = cluster of differentiation; Ig = immunoglobulin.

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ISSN: 1756-3305

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