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Table 2 Estimation of Giardia duodenalis prevalence in cattle and buffalo

From: Epidemiology of Giardia duodenalis infection in ruminant livestock and children in the Ismailia province of Egypt: insights by genetic characterization

 

Giardia prevalence in percent

(Number of samples: positive/total)

(95% confidence interval)

Copro-antigen test (RIDA®QUICK)

Real time PCR assayb

Age group

All

Cattle

Buffalo

10% of quick test negative samples

Total estimated prevalence

1d-1 m

9

9

8

52

57

(22/244)

(17/183)

(5/61)

(12/23)

(138/244)

(5.9–13.1)

(5.7–14.2)

(3.1–17.2)

(32.1–71.7)

(50.3–62.7)

>1-3 m

5

5

4

53

55

(5/103)

(4/79)

(1/24)

(8/15)

(57/103)

(1.8–10.4)

(1.6–11.8)

(0.2–18.9)

(28.7–76.8)

(45.7–64.7)

>4-6 m

6

7

2

46

50

(9/149)

(8/107)

(1/42)

(6/13)

(74/149)

(2.9–10.8)

(3.5–13.7)

(0.11–11.2)

(21.3–72.6)

(41.7–57.7)

>6 m

4

5

4

48

50

(14/308)

(11/224)

(3/84)

(12/25)

(155/308)

(2.6–7.3)

(2.6–8.4)

(0.9–9.4)

(29.2–67.3)

(44.8–55.9)

Total

6

7

5

50

53

(50/804)

(40/593)

(10/211)

(38/76)

(424/804)

(4.7–8.1)

(4.9–8.9)

(2.4–8.3)

(38.9–61.1)

(49.3–56.2)

  1. bAll copro-antigen test positives and 10% of the copro-antigen negative samples were analyzed by real time PCR. Prevalence was calculated by extrapolation assuming that the analyzed negative samples are representative for all negative samples. Note that all positive copro-antigen tests were confirmed by real time PCR assay.
  2. Note: No significant differences were detected between the age groups.