Impact of agriculture on the selection of insecticide resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae: a multigenerational study in controlled conditions

Table 1 Composition of the pesticide mixture used for selection

Chemical class	Mosquito larvae toxicity*	Stock solution (μg/L)	1X dilution for selection (μg/L)	1.5X dilution for selection (μg/L)
*Organochlorine insecticides*
DDT	medium	2000	0.2	0.3
Endosulfan	medium	2000	0.2	0.3
Lindane	low-medium	10000	1	1.5
*Organophosphate insecticides*
Chlorpyriphos	high	10	0.001	0.0015
Chlorfenvinphos	high	10	0.001	0.0015
*Pyrethroid insecticides*
Deltamethrin	high	10	0.001	0.0015
Permethrin	medium-high	100	0.01	0.015
*Pyrethroid metabolites*
3-phenoxybenzoic acid	not toxic	20000	2	3
3-phenoxybenzoic alcohol	not toxic	20000	2	3
*Herbicides*
Glyphosate	not toxic	20000	2	3
Atrazine	not toxic	20000	2	3

ISSN: 1756-3305