|
Characters
|
V. alcesa,b(n = 15)
|
V. capreoli
c
|
V. sagittatus
d
|
V. sagittatus
e
|
Varestrongylussp.f1(n = 10)
|
Varestrongylussp.f2(n = 20)
|
V. alpenae
g
|
E. alcesh(n = 30)
|
E. cervii(n = 30)
|
E. rangiferij(n = 15)
|
|---|
|
Total length
|
221.5–373.7
|
255–341
|
260–305
|
268.8–295.7
|
281–374
|
348–400
|
310–380
|
377–445
|
392–445
|
381–490
|
|
(286.6 ± 40.81)
|
(227–260)
|
(233–305)
|
(281 ± 11.9)
|
(329)
|
(377)
| |
(417 ± 16)
|
(420 ± 13)
|
(426)
|
|
Nerve-ring§
|
64.5–86.3
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
78–107
|
85–93
|
83–106
|
106–125
|
95–130
|
|
(74.1 ± 5.3)
| | | | |
(97)
| |
(90 ± 16)
|
(114 ± 5)
|
(110)
|
|
Excretory pore§
|
67.5–88.9
|
–
|
81–84
|
77–122.9
|
71–105
|
92–107
|
85–93
|
104–132
|
104–121
|
97–125
|
|
(78.8 ± 5.33)
| | |
(96±17.5)
|
(84.5)
|
(102)
| |
(112 ± 7)
|
(111 ± 4)
|
(109)
|
|
Esophagus§
|
111.6–182.5
|
70–83
|
115–151
|
134.4–161.3
|
88–155
|
151–180
|
155–180
|
173–236
|
175–206
|
163–230
|
|
(132.2±15.92)
|
(120–140)
|
(124)
|
(147±15.9)
|
(128)
|
(168)
| |
(188 ± 12)
|
(187 ± 7)
|
(191)
|
|
Esophagus/total length (%)
|
41.2–55.5
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
28–46
|
43–46
|
47–50
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
|
(46.3±3.85)
| | | |
(38)
|
(45)
|
|
Esophagus base width
|
6.2–15.7
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
8–15.5
|
9–15
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
|
(10.7 ± 3.51)
| | | |
(10)
|
(12)
|
|
Body at esophagus base
|
10.9–29.6
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
|
(19.5 ± 5.95)
|
|
Max body width
|
12.2–29.6
|
10–17
|
14–17
|
13.2–16.9
|
16–23
|
17–20
|
15–17
|
17–21
|
17–22
|
17–24
|
|
(20.1± 5.94)
|
(11–14)
|
(14)
|
(15± 1.1)
|
(19.5)
|
(18)
| |
(19 ± 1)
|
(19 ± 1)
|
(20)
|
|
Genital primordium§
|
145.6–250.6
|
–
|
179–201
|
154–249.6
|
173–224
|
218–273
|
195–242
|
204–289
|
253–288
|
245–325
|
|
(202.3 ± 30.69)
| | |
(197±25.1)
|
(206)
|
(244)
| |
(262 ± 16)
|
(270 ± 10)
|
(267)
|
|
Genital primordium/total length (%)
|
69.3–72.9 (70.7±6.04)
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
62–64
|
61–68
|
63–64
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
|
(63)
|
(65)
|
|
Tail length
|
28.6–39.4
|
28–32
|
25–31
|
24.64–29.28
|
31–42
|
32–41
|
–
|
32–49
|
37–47
|
32–53
|
|
(36.4 ± 2.95)
| | |
(28± 1.63)
|
(35)
|
(38)
| |
(42 ± 5)
|
(43 ± 3)
|
(44)
|
|
Tail spike
|
9.8–12.4
|
8
|
(9–10)
|
9.2–10.78
|
8–11
|
6–12
|
data not given
|
data not given
|
data not given
|
data not given
|
|
(10.4 ± 0.68)
| | |
(9.6± 0.7)
|
(9)
|
(9)
|
|
Dorsal spine
|
2.8–3.5
|
2
|
data not given
|
data not given
|
1.6–3
|
data not given
|
data not given
|
data not given
|
data not given
|
data not given
|
|
(3.1 ± 0.24)
| | | |
(2)
|
- aPresent study – DSL recovered from lung washes and fixed in 70% ethanol and measured at 1000× magnification. The wide range for total length, especially the lower values might be attributable to the pulmonary origin (vs. feces) and fixation method.
- bonly measurements available in the original description [20], were total length, 305–441 μm and maximum width, 12 μm.
- cCombined sources compiled in [1], origin (lungs/feces) or fixation method not mentioned.
- dCombined sources compiled in [1], recovered from lungs, fixation method not mentioned.
- eDSL recovered from feces of red deer from the Vitinya wildlife-breeding station in the west Balkan Mountains, Bulgaria, not fixed and measured after iodine staining [45].
- fUndescribed Varestrongylus species found in caribou, muskoxen and moose across northern North America [14]. DSL recovered from feces of muskoxen from: (f1) Nunavik Region, Quebec, Canada, fixed in 70% ethanol and measured at 1600× magnification, (f2) near Aklavik, Northwest Territories, Canada, heat-relaxed in water and measured at 400× magnification.
- gV. alpenae DSL extracted from white-tailed deer feces, New York, USA in [45].
- hDSL recovered from feces of experimentally infected Eurasian elk, material was heat-relaxed in water and measured at 1000× magnification [8].
- iDSL recovered from feces of experimentally infected red deer, material was heat-relaxed in water and measured at 1000× magnification [8].
- jDSL recovered from feces of woodland caribou from Newfoundland, Canada. Material was heat-relaxed in water, magnification not mentioned [8].
- §Measurements from anterior end.
- Range of measurements are given followed by mean and standard deviation. Measurements are given in micrometers (μm).
