Figure 3

Transcription factor expression in cells after hemozoin treatment. Combined effect of caspar silencing and sHz treatment. A. gambiae Sua 5.1^* cells were stimulated with different concentrations of sHz and the expression of (A) REL2-F, REL2-S and REL1 (B) REL1’s negative regulator Cactus was measured after 24 h and 48 h. Relative induction fold change was determined by qRT-PCR comparison to PBS-treated controls. (C) Cells were silenced using dsRNA specific for caspar or control-dsRNA against β2M. (D) Following silencing, cells were treated with PBS or 12.5 μg/ml sHz. Graph represents expression of REL2-F and Caspar in silenced cells with and without sHz. Relative expressions were measured by qRT-PCR comparison to β2M-silenced control. (A-D) Values represent the mean and SD of three independent experiments. Differences and P-values: *(p < 0.05), **(p < 0.01), using the Student t test.