Table 4 Neutrality and Demographic parameters: Tajima’s D, Fu’s Fs, Harpending’s raggedness index (r) based on mitochondrial COII sequence data of 18 localities of G. f. fuscipes belonging to the Lake Victoria Basin as implemented in the program DnaSP (Librado and Rozas 2009) for population size changes. In bold are statistically significant values at 0.05 Significance level

MA

0.669; P = 0.839

1.003; P = 0.568

0.205; P = 0.200

SS

−1.129; P = 0.156

−0.410; P = 0.150

0.438; P = 0.490

KG

1.645; P = 0.950

9.668; P = 0.999

0.681; P = 0.360

KO

2.163; P = 0.989

8.861; P = 0.998

0.649; P = 0.910

DB

−2.102; P = 0.005

2.120; P = 0.880

0.589; P = 0.560

NA

1.769; P = 0.976

2.710; P = 0.887

0.765; P = 0.050

NS

−1.685; P = 0.012

0.834; P = 0.479

0.787; P = 0.750

EB

0.698; P = 0.792

2.352; P = 0.855

0.667; P = 0.000

BV

−1.104; P = 0.133

−2.334; P = 0.098

0.174; P = 1.000

BY

−1.800; P = 0.017

−2.325; P = 0.144

0.135; P = 0.580

BZ

−1.088; P = 0.209

−0.263; P = 0.173

0.358; P = 0.310

LI

−0.879; P = 0.207

−0.928; P = 0.298

0.255; P = 0.260

MG

−1.903; P = 0.015

1.313; P = 0.763

0.197; P = 1.000

BU

0.000; P = 1.000

0.000; P = N.A.

0.000; P = 0.000

OK

−0.400; P = 0.360

−0.341; P = 0.294

0.192; P = 0.350

SA

−1.491; P = 0.064

−1.546; P = 0.022

0.302; P = 0.460

TB

−0.948; P = 0.222

−0.006; P = 0.379

0.566; P = 0.530

Study Area

−1.661; P = 0.014

−10.787; P = 0.009

0.179; P = 1.000