Fig. 1

Flow cytometry analysis of Tfh cells in acute schistosomiasis patients and healthy controls. Isotype controls were used to determine positive cells. All of the values were gated on CD4⁺ cells. a Values correspond to the percentage of CXCR5⁺CD4⁺ Tfh cells. b Comparison of the frequencies of CXCR5⁺CD4⁺ Tfh cells in healthy controls (HC) and schistosomiasis patients. c Values correspond to the percentage of PD-1⁺CXCR5⁺CD4⁺ Tfh cells. d Comparison of the frequencies of PD-1⁺CXCR5⁺CD4⁺ Tfh cells (*P < 0.01). e Values correspond to the percentage of ICOS⁺CXCR5⁺CD4⁺ Tfh cells. f Comparison of the frequencies of ICOS⁺CXCR5⁺CD4⁺ Tfh cells