Countrywide serological evaluation of canine prevalence for Anaplasma spp., Borrelia burgdorferi ( sensu lato ), Dirofilaria immitis and Ehrlichia canis in Mexico

Table 7 Risk factors for positivity to CVBD agents

Dependent variable risk factor	P	OR	95 % CI
Positivity
≥ 1 year	0.011	1.94	1.15–3.29
Medium size	0.003	1.54	1.16–2.07
Large size	0.002	1.42	1.14–1.79
Outdoors	< 0.0001	2.33	1.82–2.98
Tick contact	< 0.0001	7.13	4.89–10.39
TTI prevention	< 0.0001	2.58	1.66–4.03
Clinical signs	< 0.0001	3.58	2.91–4.42
Positivity to A
Outdoors	0.001	2.02	1.31–3.09
Tick contact	< 0.0001	11.93	4.39–32.42
Clinical signs	< 0.0001	2.63	1.88–3.67
Positivity to Bb
Clinical signs	0.022	nd	nd
Positivity to Di
Medium size	0.035	1.83	1.03–3.24
Large size	0.004	2.04	1.24–3.36
Outdoors	< 0.0001	4.12	1.98–8.59
Tick contact	0.002	3.24	1.48–7.08
Clinical signs	< 0.0001	2.52	1.61–3.95
Positivity to Ec
≥ 1 year	0.014	2.02	1.14–3.57
Medium size	0.018	1.44	1.06–1.94
Large size	0.009	1.37	1.08–1.74
Outdoors	< 0.0001	2.21	1.69–2.87
Tick contact	< 0.0001	7.23	4.74–11.04
TTI prevention	< 0.0001	3.27	2.10–5.09
Clinical signs	< 0.0001	3.58	2.88–4.45
Co-infections
Large size	0.007	1.75	1.16–2.62
Outdoors	< 0.0001	3.06	1.82–5.14
Tick contact	< 0.0001	14.22	4.50–44.91
TTI prevention	0.033	1.93	1.04–3.58
Clinical signs	< 0.0001	4.08	2.79–5.96