Table 3 A comprehensive list of trematode parasites of the golden jackal, Canis aureus
From: A synoptic overview of golden jackal parasites reveals high diversity of species
Family | Species | Origin | Prevalence (%) | Frequency | Intensity | Method | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Phylum Platyhelminthes | |||||||
Class Trematoda | |||||||
Dicrocoeliidae | Dicrocoelium dendriticum (syn. D. lanceatum) | Russia | 5.0 | 1/20 | 5.00 ± 4.45 | necropsy | [96]a |
26.1 | na | na | necropsy | [97] | |||
na | na | na | necropsy | [98] | |||
Diplostomidae | Alaria alata | Azerbaijan | 22.4 | 20/89 | 2–30 | necropsy | [99] |
na | na | na | necropsy | [100] | |||
Bulgaria | 9.0 | na | na | necropsy | [101] | ||
1.9 | 1/56 | na | necropsy | [45] | |||
Croatia | na | na | na | na | [102] | ||
Chechnya | 100 | 16/16 | 22–268 | necropsy | [103] | ||
Greece | 20.0 | 1/5 | na | necropsy | [104] | ||
Hungary | 10.0 | 2/20 | na | necropsy | [59] | ||
Iran | na | na | na | necropsy | [105] | ||
Russia | 10.0 | 2/20 | 3.00 ± 2.68 | necropsy | [96] | ||
34.8 | na | na | necropsy | [97] | |||
na | na | na | necropsy | [98] | |||
13.3 | 8/60 | na | necropsy | [106] | |||
na | na | na | necropsy | [107] | |||
26.0 | 39/150 | 2–23 | necropsy | [53] | |||
Serbia | 0.9 | 4/447 | 19.00 ± 3.63 | necropsy | [108] | ||
30.0 | 18/60 | na | necropsy | [49] | |||
Uzbekistan | na | na | na | na | [109] | ||
Alaria americana (syn. A. canis)b | Iran | 5.0 | 1/20 | 34 | necropsy | [110] | |
10.0 | 1/10 | na | necropsy | [111] | |||
Pharyngostomum cordatum (syn. P. fausti) | Azerbaijan | na | na | na | necropsy | [100] | |
Azerbaijan (as P. fausti) | 8.3 | 1/12 | 2 | necropsy | [99] | ||
na | na | na | necropsy | [100] | |||
Russia | 6.6 | 4/60 | na | necropsy | [106] | ||
Echinostomatidae | Echinochasmus corvus | India | na | na | na | na | [112] |
Echinochasmus schwartzi | Iran | na | na | na | necropsy | [105] | |
Euparyphium sp. | Iran | na | na | na | necropsy | [105] | |
Euparyphium melis | Russia | 16.6 | 10/60 | na | necropsy | [106] | |
Heterophyidae | Ascocotyle italica (syn. Parascocotyle italica) | Russia | 8.3 | 5/60 | na | necropsy | [106] |
Ascocotyle sinoecum (syn. Phagicola sinoecum) | Iran | na | na | na | necropsy | [105] | |
Cryptocotyle lingua b | Russia | 2.7 | 4/150 | 3–18 | necropsy | [53] | |
Heterophyes sp. | Egypt | na | 3/5 | na | necropsy | [113] | |
Heterophyes aequalis | Egypt | na | na | na | necropsy | [113] | |
Heterophyes dispar | Egypt | na | na | na | necropsy | [113] | |
Heterophyes heterophyes | Egypt | 2 specimens | na | na | necropsy | [113] | |
Metagonimus ciureanus (syn. Dexiogonimus ciureanus) | Georgia | na | na | na | necropsy | [114] | |
Metagonimus yokogawai | Iran | 14.2 | 4/28 | na | necropsy | [115] | |
Italy | case report | 6 | necropsy | [116] | |||
Serbia | 1.6 | 1/60 | na | necropsy | [49] | ||
Microphallidae | Microphallus narii (syn. Spelotrema narii) | India | na | na | na | na | [117] |
na | na | na | na | [112] | |||
Opisthorchiidae | Metorchis xanthosomus b | Russia | 21.8 | na | na | necropsy | [97] |
Opisthorchis sp. | Bangladesh | na | 1/5 | na | necropsy | [118] | |
Pseudamphistomum truncatum | Serbia | 0.2 | 1/447 | 2 | necropsy | [108] | |
3.3 | 2/60 | na | necropsy | [49] | |||
Plagiorchiidae | Plagiorchis sp. | Iran | na | na | na | necropsy | [105] |
Plagiorchis elegans b | Russia | 3.3 | 2/60 | na | necropsy | [106] | |
Plagiorchis massino | Uzbekistan | na | na | na | na | [109] | |
Schistosomatidae | Schistosoma spindale b | India | case report | na | CO | [119] | |
Troglotrematidae | Nanophyetus salmincola b | India | case report | na | CO | [47] | |