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Table 6 Univariable meta-regression model for the proportion of JEV infection in vectors. Coefficients, P-values, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the association between predictors of interest with the proportion of JEV infection in vectors (n = 18 studies). Random effects meta-regression models use the restricted maximum likelihood method (REML)

From: Meta-analyses of the proportion of Japanese encephalitis virus infection in vectors and vertebrate hosts

Predictor

n

Coefficient (logit)

SE (logit)

95% CI (logit)

P-value

Overall P-value

Mosquito species

     

0.08

  Culex tritaeniorhynchus

10

Reference

    

  Aedes albopictus

1

1.27

1.25

-1.27–3.81

0.32

 

  Aedes butleri

1

-1.07

1.32

-3.75–1.61

0.42

 

  Aedes vexans

1

-0.69

1.62

-4.00–2.61

0.67

 

  Anopheles minimus

1

-0.69

1.62

-4.00–2.61

0.67

 

  Anopheles subpictus

1

-0.25

0.48

-1.23–0.74

0.61

 

  Anopheles tessellatus

1

-0.69

1.62

-4.00–2.61

0.67

 

  Armigeres subalbatus

1

-0.75

1.36

-3.51–2.01

0.58

 

  Coquillettidia crassipes

1

1.79

1.72

-1.72–5.29

0.31

 

  Culex annulirostris

1

2.15

1.20

-0.30–4.59

0.08

 

  Culex annulus

2

2.29

0.95

0.37–4.22

0.02

 

  Culex bitaeniorhynchus

1

1.95

1.39

-0.88–4.78

0.17

 

  Culex fuscocephala

2

2.51

0.96

0.56–4.45

0.01

 

  Culex gelidus

2

1.11

1.01

-0.96–3.17

0.28

 

  Culex palpalis

1

2.09

0.97

0.11–4.06

0.04

 

  Culex pipiens

1

-0.29

1.65

-3.65–3.07

0.86

 

  Culex pipiens fatigans

1

5.27

1.58

2.06–8.48

< 0.001

 

  Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus

1

-0.94

1.35

-3.69–1.81

0.49

 

  Culex quinquefasciatus

2

0.96

1.16

-1.41–3.32

0.42

 

  Culex sitiens

1

0.59

1.41

-2.28–3.46

0.68

 

  Culex whitmorei

3

-0.51

1.18

-2.92–1.90

0.67

 

  Mansonia septempunctata

1

0.18

1.34

-2.55–2.91

0.90

 

  Ochleratus normanensis

1

0.16

0.90

-1.68–2.00

0.86

 

  Verralina funerea

1

1.10

1.57

-2.10–4.30

0.49

 

Intercept

 

-1.10

0.32

-1.76– -0.44

< 0.001

 

Diagnostic method

     

0.01

 Virus isolation

9

Reference

    

 Not reported

2

0.41

0.50

-0.60–1.43

0.42

 

 PCR

4

-1.24

0.55

-2.34– -0.15

0.03

 

 Antigen-capture enzyme assays

3

-0.98

0.48

-1.95– -0.01

0.05

 

Intercept

 

-0.31

0.32

-0.96–0.33

0.34

 

Country

     

0.01

 Australasia

3

Reference

    

 China and Taiwan

3

0.07

0.55

-1.03–1.16

0.90

 

 India

5

-1.34

0.50

-2.35– -0.33

0.01

 

 Japan and South Korea

5

-1.20

0.53

-2.27– -0.13

0.03

 

 Thailand

2

-2.20

1.09

-4.40– -0.01

0.05

 

Intercept

 

0.02

0.37

-0.73–0.77

0.96

 

Capture method

     

< 0.01

 Mechanical visual and olfactory

4

Reference

    

 Not reported

2

-0.81

0.99

-2.80–1.18

0.42

 

 Manual active

1

4.46

0.60

3.25–5.67

< 0.001

 

 Manual and mechanical

3

-0.76

0.32

-1.41– -0.11

0.02

 

 Manual passive

4

-1.12

0.33

-1.79– -0.46

< 0.001

 

 Mechanical olfactory

3

-1.01

0.54

-2.10–0.08

0.07

 

 Mechanical visual

1

-1.32

1.08

-3.50–0.86

0.23

 

Intercept

 

-0.29

0.23

-0.76–0.18

0.22

 
  1. Abbreviation: SE standard error
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