Fig. 1

Procedures for the characterization of Le. amazonensis LPG repeat units and sand fly infections. a Purified LPGs were subjected to mild acid hydrolysis to depolymerize the repeat units and cap structures. Water-soluble fractions were partitioned using 1-butanol, treated with alkaline phosphatase (15 mM Tris buffer, pH 9.0, 1 unit, 16 h, 37 °C) and desalted by passage through a two-layered column of AG50W-X12 over AG1-X8. The desalted repeat units were subject to FACE analysis and enzymatic treatments with β-glucosidase, β-galactosidase to CE analysis. Additionally, the repeat units were subjected to strong acid hydrolysis (2 M trifluoroacetic acid, 3 h, 100 °C) and FACE assays to access monosaccharide composition. b Six combinations of Le. amazonensis strains (PH8 and Josefa) with Lu. longipalpis, Lu. migonei and Ph. papatasi were performed. Those were evaluated on days 1 and 5–6 post-infection (PI) for intensity, localization and morphometry