Table 2 Structural equation model statistical output showing host characteristics predicting infection status for co-infecting pathogens (except Leishmania infantum), and the covariance among pathogens (including L. infantum), in domestic dogs. In all cases, except age, variables are binomial (0 or 1) with 1 equal to male, outside, ectoparasitic prevention use, pedigree and positive pathogen status
Standardised coefficient/covariance | z-value | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
E. canis | |||
Age | -0.081 | -0.790 | 0.429 |
Sex | -0.034 | -0.391 | 0.696 |
Lifestyle | 0.042 | 0.351 | 0.726 |
Ectoparasite prevention | 0.099 | 0.749 | 0.454 |
Breed | 0.055 | 0.634 | 0.526 |
A. platys | |||
Age | 0.113 | 1.187 | 0.235 |
Sex | -0.069 | -0.789 | 0.430 |
Lifestyle | 0.114 | 1.445 | 0.148 |
Ectoparasitic prevention | -0.003 | -0.028 | 0.978 |
Breed | -0.151 | -1.161 | 0.246 |
Hepatozoon spp. | |||
Age | -0.173 | -1.966 | 0.049 |
Sex | -0.054 | -0.623 | 0.534 |
Lifestyle | 0.046 | 0.399 | 0.690 |
Ectoparasitic prevention | 0.010 | 0.079 | 0.937 |
Breed | 0.007 | 0.071 | 0.943 |
M. haemocanis | |||
Age | -0.127 | -1.650 | 0.099* |
Sex | 0.030 | 0.348 | 0.728 |
Lifestyle | 0.096 | 0.921 | 0.357 |
Ectoparasitic prevention | -0.034 | -0.287 | 0.774 |
Breed | -0.046 | -0.439 | 0.661 |
Covariances | |||
E. canis - Leishmaniosis | 0.243 | 2.303 | 0.021 |
A. platys - Leishmaniosis | 0.020 | 0.223 | 0.824 |
Hepatozoon spp. - Leishmaniosis | 0.034 | 0.393 | 0.694 |
M. haemocanis - Leishmaniosis | 0.099 | 1.115 | 0.265 |
E. canis - A. platys | -0.031 | -0.889 | 0.374 |
E. canis - Hepatozoon spp. | -0.028 | -0.312 | 0.755 |
E. canis - M. haemocanis | -0.046 | -0.598 | 0.550 |
A. platys - Hepatozoon spp. | -0.098 | -1.130 | 0.258 |
A. platys - M. haemocanis | 0.072 | 0.647 | 0.517 |
Hepatozoon spp. - M. haemocanis | 0.158 | 1.761 | 0.078* |