Sarcocystosis in South American camelids: The state of play revisited

Parasites & Vectors

Table 2 Studies aimed at assessing the prevalence and epidemiology of Sarcocystis spp. using different diagnostic methods in South American camelids

Species of Sarcocystis^a	Host	Geographical location	Tissue examined	Method used	Percent prevalence (proportion)	Reference
S. aucheniae	Llama	Argentina	Serum	ELISA	36 (183/507)	[8]
	Llama	Argentina	Blood	PCR	na	[38]
	Alpaca, llama, guanaco	Argentina, Peru	Skeletal muscle	Ge, Mic, TEM, PCR	na	[14]
	Guanaco	Argentina	Skeletal muscle	Ge, TEM, PCR	100 (2/2)	[13]
	Llama	Argentina	Serum	Ge, PCR	100 (3/3)	[16]
	Llama	Bolivia	Skeletal muscle	Ge	35 (138/378)	[12]
			Serum	ELISA	45 (171/378)	[12]
	Alpaca	Australia	Skeletal muscle	PCR	100 (1/1)	[27]
	Alpaca	USA	Skeletal muscle	Ge, His, TEM	100 (1/1)	[18]
	Llama	Bolivia	Skeletal muscle	Ge, Mic, TEM	na	[26]
S. masoni	Alpaca, llama, guanaco	Argentina, Peru	Skeletal muscle	Ge, Mic, TEM, PCR	na	[14]
Sarcocystis sp.	Guanaco	Chile	Skeletal muscle	Ge	37 (33/89)	[32]
	Llama	Chile	Skeletal muscle	Ge	100 (28/28)
	Alpaca	Uruguay	Skeletal muscle	Ge	(4/na)
	Llama	Bolivia	Skeletal muscle	Ge	34 (na/1196)	[15]
	Alpaca	Australia	Skeletal muscle	Ge, His, TEM	100 (1/1)	[17]
	Llama	Argentina	Serum	IFAT	96 (295/308)	[37]
	Alpaca	Peru	Serum	ELISA	90 (844/941)	[34]
	Guanaco	Argentina	Heart, skeletal muscle, tongue	Ge	67 (8/12)	[56]

Abbreviations: G gross examination, His histology, IFAT indirect fluorescent antibody test, Mac macroscopic, Mic, microscopic/microscopy, na not available/applicable, TEM transmission electron microscopy
^aThe name used by the authors

ISSN: 1756-3305