Table 1 Protective efficacy of personal protection methods compared to short untreated clothing for all female mosquito species

Afternoon

Short permethrin-treated

1331

47.5 (33.3–61.8)

19.3 (3.0–36.8)

0.085

Long permethrin-treated

593

21.8 (14.5–27.9)

61.1 (51.4–68.8)

<0.001*

Short untreated + repellent

664

23.7 (16.1–31.3)

55.0 (41.7–65.2)

<0.001*

Short permethrin-treated + repellent

421

15.0 (10.3–19.8)

68.2 (52.6–78.7)

<0.001*

Short untreated + coil

138

4.9 (2.5–7.4)

92.3 (88.9–94.6)

<0.001*

Long untreated

1396

49.9 (36.3–63.4)

14.2 (9.0–32.5)

0.209

Short untreated

1557

55.6 (39.8–71.4)

1

Evening

Short permethrin-treated

1187

21.2 (16.4–26.0)

12.6 (-14.6–33.4)

0.329

Long permethrin-treated

809

14.4 (10.0–18.9)

43.0 (25.5–56.4)

<0.001*

Short untreated + repellent

1039

18.6 (12.8–24.3)

25.2 (9.4–38.2)

0.003*

Short permethrin-treated + repellent

707

12.6 (8.4–16.9)

52.3 (33.8–65.7)

<0.001*

Short untreated + coil

499

8.9 (4.5–13.4)

68.8 (41.7–83.3)

<0.001*

Long untreated

1233

22.0 (16.2–27.9)

7.3 (-14.7–25.1)

0.484

Short untreated

1359

24.3 (18.7–29.8)

1