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Table 1 Mean numbers and standard deviation (SD) of field-collected Culicoides imicola females to emerge over a period of 60 minutes from holding boxes kept at various temperature and humidity levels

From: The influence of temperature and humidity on the flight activity of Culicoides imicola both under laboratory and field conditions

Set T (°C)

Mean T (SD)

Mean RH (SD)

No. of replicates (no of individuals)*

Total no. emerged (%)

Mean (SD)

10

9.1 (0.24)

68.0 (2.6)

6 (3000)

2 (0.02)

0.3 (0.82)a

13

12.3 (0.20)

53.5 (0.5)

6 (3000)

16 (0.5)

2.7 (3.20)a

15

14.5 (0.20)

51.9 (0.65)

6 (3000)

615 (20.5)

102.5 (64.46)b

17

17.3 (0.74)

49.7 (1.93)

9 (4500)

1258 (28.0)

139.8 (40.03)c

20

19.8 (0.58)

44.6 (0.61)

6 (3000)

415 (13.8)

69.2 (17.34)b

24

23.1 (0.47)

45.7 (0.52)

6 (3000)

346 (11.5)

57.7 (25.99)d

29

28.3 (0.07)

34.3 (0.25)

6 (3000)

331 (11.0)

55.2 (24.21)d

  1. Numbers per row followed by a different letter were significantly different at the 5% level
  2. Abbreviations: RH relative humidity, T temperature
  3. *Each replicate consists of 500 individuals