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Table 2 Percentage feeding and cumulative mortality rates (mean ± standard error) of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus with single feeding of ivermectin and spinosad

From: Use of mechanical and behavioural methods to eliminate female Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus for sterile insect technique and incompatible insect technique applications

Species/toxicant

Concentration (ppm)

Fed females (%)

Percentage mortality (%)

24 h

48 h

72 h

Male

Female

Male

Female

Male

Female

Ae. albopictus

Ivermectin

0 (Control)

98.0 ± 1.23

(n = 735)

0.7 ± 0.54 (n = 5)

1.4 ± 0.98

(n = 10)

2.0 ± 1.50

(n = 15)

5.4 ± 1.89

(n = 40)

3.3 ± 1.38

(n = 25)

7.5 ± 2.35

(n = 55)

2

98.7 ± 1.46

(n = 740)

0.7 ± 0.40

(n = 5)

11.5 ± 9.35

(n = 85)

2.0 ± 1.50

(n = 15)

35 ± 5.36

(n = 259)

4.0 ± 2.32

(n = 30)

49.3 ± 11.25

(n = 364)

4

100.0 ± 0.2

(n = 750)

0 ± 0

(n = 0)

36.0 ± 12.35

(n = 270)

1.3 ± 0.87

(n = 10)

65.3 ± 10.32

(n = 490)

5.3 ± 1.52

(n = 40)

89.3 ± 9.23

(n = 670)

6

98.7 ± 0.98

(n = 740)

0.7 ± 0.54 (n = 8)

41.2 ± 8.36

(n = 305)

2.7 ± 2.54

(n = 20)

87.2 ± 13.26

(n = 645)

4.0 ± 1.35

(n = 30)

95.9 ± 2.54

(n = 709)

8

94.5 ± 1.54

(n = 709)

1.3 ± 0.87

(n = 10)

63.9 ± 8.52

(n = 453)

3.3 ± 1.23

(n = 25)

100.0 ± 2.50

(n = 709)

4.7 ± 1.87

(n = 35)

100.0 ± 0.00

(n = 709)

10

64.7 ± 1.78

(n = 484)

1.3 ± 0.87

(n = 10)

91.8 ± 7.56

(n = 444)

3.3 ± 1.23

(n = 25)

100.0 ± 1.40

(n = 484)

5.7 ± 2.35

(n = 43)

100.0 ± 0.00

(n = 484)

Spinosad

0 (Control)

98.0 ± 0.87

(n = 735)

0.7 ± 0.54

(n = 5)

1.4 ± 0.84

(n = 10)

2.0 ± 1.23

(n =  15)

5.4 ± 1.57

(n = 40)

3.3 ± 1.85

(n = 25)

7.5 ± 2.31

(n = 55)

2

97.3 ± 1.45

(n = 730)

2.0 ± 0.4

(n = 15)

7.5 ± 0.55

(n = 55)

1.3 ± 0.87

(n = 10)

43.2 ± 10.23

(n = 315)

2.7 ± 0.98

(n = 20)

66.4 ± 5.36

(n = 64)

4

98.7 ± 1.95

(n = 740)

2.0 ± 1.50

(n = 15)

15.5 ± 2.68

(n = 113)

2.0 ± 1.50

(n = 15)

59.5 ± 12.32

(n = 440)

5.3 ± 1.98

(n = 40)

84.5 ± 6.37

(n = 634)

6

97.3 ± 0.79

(n = 730)

3.0 ± 20

(n = 22)

41.8 ± 5.62

(n = 305)

2.7 ± 0.85

(n = 20)

76.7 ± 15.36

(n = 560)

3.3 ± 1.28

(n = 25)

95.2 ± 5.21

(n = 695)

8

98.0 ± 1.54

(n = 735)

0.7 ± 0.54

(n = 5)

53.7 ± 10.68

(n = 395)

1.3 ± 0.87

(n = 10)

86.4 ± 13.25

(n = 635)

2.7 ± 0.97

(n = 20)

100.0 ± 0.00

(n = 735)

10

79.4 ± 1.23

(n = 595)

2.0 ± 1.50

(n = 15)

85.5 ± 9.34

(n = 642)

3.3 ± 0.98

(n = 25)

100.0 ± 1.00

(n = 595)

4.0 ± 2.54

(n = 30)

100.0 ± 0.00

(n = 595)

Ae. aegypti

Ivermectin

0 (Control)

100.0 ± 0.4

(n = 750)

1.3 ± 0.87

(n =  10)

2.0 ± 0.76

(n = 15)

1.3 ± 0.87

(n = 10)

4.7 ± 1.58

(n = 35)

3.3 ± 1.26

(n = 25)

6.0 ± 2.32

(n = 45)

2

100.0 ± 0.25

(n = 750)

0.7 ± 0.54

(n = 5)

14.0 ± 5.68

(n = 105)

2.0 ± 0.95

(n = 15)

42.0 ± 5.36

(n = 315)

4.0 ± 1.28

(n = 30)

59.3 ± 5.36

(n = 445)

4

98.0 ± 1.45

(n = 735)

0.7 ± 0.54

(n = 5)

23.1 ± 6.95

(n = 170)

1.3 ± 0.83

(n = 10)

65.3 ± 9.35

(n = 480)

5.3 ± 2.35

(n = 40)

91.8 ± 6.34

(n = 674)

6

100.0 ± 0.8

(n = 750)

0.7 ± 0.54

(n = 5)

30.0 ± 7.36

(n = 225)

2.0 ± 0.85

(n = 15)

88.0 ± 12.35

(n = 660)

4.0 ± 1.78

(n = 30)

98.0 ± 2.34

(n = 735)

8

91.7 ± 11.27

(n = 686)

0.7 ± 0.54

(n = 5)

66.2 ± 5.62

(n = 454)

1.3 ± 0.95

(n = 10)

100.0 ± 2.40

(n = 686)

4.7 ± 1.24

(n = 35)

100.0 ± 0.00

(n = 686)

10

50.7 ± 9.31

(n = 380)

1.3 ± 0.87

(n = 10)

100.0 ± 1.5

(n = 380)

3.3 ± 0.97

(n = 25)

100.0 ± 2.00

(n = 380)

6.0 ± 2.35

(n = 45)

100.0 ± 0.00

(n = 380)

Spinosad

0 (Control)

99.3 ± 1.34

(n = 745)

1.3 ± 0.87

(n = 10)

4.2 ± 2.32

(n = 31)

1.3 ± 1.23

(n = 10)

4.8 ± 1.26

(n = 36)

3.3 ± 1.58

(n = 25)

6.0 ± 1.68

(n = 48)

2

97.4 ± 0.66

(n = 730)

0.7 ± 0.54

(n = 5)

15.9 ± 2.67

(n = 120)

1.3 ± 1.23

(n = 10)

44.9 ± 9.35

(n = 328)

4.0 ± 2.31

(n = 30)

57.2 ± 9.35

(n = 418)

4

98.0 ± 1.23

(n = 735)

0.7 ± 0.54

(n = 5)

24.6 ± 5.36

(n = 181)

1.3 ± 0.97

(n = 10)

62.1 ± 5.39

(n = 456)

6.2 ± 1.20

(n = 47)

92.3 ± 5.31

(n = 678)

6

97.9 ± 1.08

(n = 734)

0 ± 0

(n = 0)

26.8 ± 3.68

(n = 198)

2.0 ± 0.97

(n = 15)

77.4 ± 8.36

(n = 76)

4.0 ± 2.35

(n = 30)

94.1 ± 8.64

(n = 691)

8

97.3 ± 2.34

(n = 729)

0.7 ± 0.54

(n = 5)

74.2 ± 5.68

(n = 541)

1.3 ± 1.28

(n = 10)

100.0 ± 1.0

(n = 729)

5.3 ± 3.21

(n = 40)

100.0 ± 0.00

(n = 729)

10

54.3 ± 8.35

(n = 407)

1.3 ± 0.87

(n = 10)

100.0 ± 1.20

(n = 407)

3.3 ± 1.23

(n = 25)

100.0 ± 0.6

(n = 407)

6.0 ± 1.54

(n = 45)

100.0 ± 0.00

(n = 407)

  1. Note: Values are mean ± SE, with the number of pupae in parenthesis. A sample size of 1500 mosquitoes from both species were tested for two toxicants, separately at each concentration. The percentage mortality of females was calculated based on the number of blood-fed females at each concentration