Table 1 Description of measurable biological variables that are used to inform parameters (either directly or after performing additional calculations) in the model

1

r

Interaction range of dogs (km)

0.30

0.02, 0.70, 2.00

[34]

2

π_never

Proportion of infected dogs that are never infectious

0.55

0.14, 0.28, 0.42

[28, 29]

3

π_high

Proportion of infectious dogs that are highly infectious

0.37

0.25, 0.60, 0.80

[2, 28]

4

ξ

Probability of a newly introduced dog being infected

0.130

0.0064, 0.2900, 0.4300

[43]

5

ν

Per capita rate of progression of dogs from latently infected to a further state (days^-1). 1/ν is the average duration of the latent period (days)

0.0055

0.0042, 0.0047, 0.0065

[28]

6

μ_NeverInf

Per capita mortality rate for latently infected and never infectious dogs (days^-1)

0.0015

0.0012, 0.0023, 0.0031

OC

7

μ_LowInf

Per capita mortality rate for dogs with low infectiousness (days^-1)

0.0020

0.0012, 0.0026, 0.0031

OC

8

μ_HighInf

Per capita mortality rate for dogs with high infectiousness (days^-1)

0.0021

0.0012, 0.0026, 0.0031

OC

9

μ_Sus

Per capita mortality rate for susceptible dogs (days^-1)

0.00125

0.00105, 0.00112, 0.00118

OC

10

ψ

Average time (days) for deceased dog to be replaced

121

0, 243, 578

[44]

11

\(\upalpha\)

Biting rate^b of sand flies (per day)

0.333

0.25, 0.40, 0.50

[34]

12

ϕ

Background proportion of sand flies that are infected

0.010

0.002, 0.100, 0.260

[18, 53, 54]

13

\(\updelta\)

Probability of Leishmania transmission from an infectious sand fly to a susceptible dog given that a contact bite occurs

0.321

0.10, 0.20, 0.50

[55]

14

\(m_{\text{avg}}\)

Probability of Leishmania transmission from an infectious dog to a susceptible sand fly given that a contact between the two occurs

0.275

0.023, 0.150, 0.450

[28]

15

ζ

Proportion of female sand fly population not observed in trapping studies

0.90

0.75, 0.80, 0.85

[34]