Fig. 4

Cytokine expression profile as a response of common carp to S. molnari intraperitoneal blood stage injection showing fold change expression relative to the control group over time. Note the massive increase of il-10 expression from 7 dpi onwards with maximum values reached at 56 dpi. This coincides with il-1β and ifnγ inhibition. Statistical analyses are based on data-specific LMM developed in R with significance differences shown relative to other sampling days (numbers above box plot; significance levels detailed in Additional file 1: Figure S3). Box plots show mean ± standard deviation (box) with maximum and minimum ranges (lines)