A novel praziquantel solid lipid nanoparticle formulation shows enhanced bioavailability and antischistosomal efficacy against murine S. mansoni infection

Table 2 Pharmacokinetic parameters of SLN-PZQ vs market PZQ at a single dose of 500 mg/kg

Animal group	Treatment	Pharmacokinetic parameters (mean ± SEM)
Animal group	Treatment	k_a (h⁻¹)	k_el (h⁻¹)	t_1/2e (h⁻¹)	AUC (μg h/ml)	C_max (μg/ml)	T_max (h)
Normal	M-PZQ	6.52 ± 0.05	1.27 ± 0.01	0.55 ± 0.00	14.03 ± 0.98	15.98 ± 1.46	0.14 ± 0.04
Normal	SLN-PZQ	13.98 ± 1.30*	0.22 ± 0.03*	3.53 ± 0.60*	123.75 ± 11.39*	37.24 ± 2.07*	0.29 ± 0.04
S. mansoni-infected	M-PZQ	11.23 ± 0.86^$	0.63 ± 0.01^†	1.11 ± 0.02^†	34.61 ± 2.50^†	24.31 ± 1.19	0.14 ± 0.04
S. mansoni-infected	SLN-PZQ	22.34 ± 0.67^#†	0.10 ± 0.01^#†	6.85 ± 0.60^#†	286.33 ± 13.54^#†	64.29 ± 7.78^#†	0.22 ± 0.03

* Significant differences between SLN-PZQ and M-PZQ in normal treated mice at P < 0.05
^#Significant differences between SLN-PZQ and M-PZQ in S. mansoni-infected treated mice at P < 0.05
^†Significant differences of SLN-PZQ or M-PZQ in S. mansoni-infected mice compared to respective normal mice at P < 0.05
Abbreviations: k_a, absorption rate constant; k_el, elimination rate constant; t_1/2e, half-life of elimination; AUC, area under concentration-time curve; C_max, maximum concentration; T_max, time to reach C_max; SLN-PZQ, solid lipid nanoparticle praziquantel; M-PZQ, market praziquantel

ISSN: 1756-3305