Table 7 Field trials of commercial products of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis and Bacillus sphaericus against adult malaria vectors and the effect on malaria transmission in sub-Saharan Africa

Mbita, Kenya

An. gambiae (s.l.); An. funestus

VectoBac® WDG (0.2 kg/ha); VectoBac® CG (5.0 kg/ha); VectoLex® WDG (1.0 kg/ha) and VectoLex® CG (15.0 kg/ha)

1/2 week^e

92.0^a

–

–

[49]

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

An. gambiae (s.l.)

VectoBac® WDG (0.4 kg/ha); VectoBac® CG (10.0 kg/ha); VectoLex® WDG (2.0 kg/ha); VectoLex® CG (30.0 kg/ha)

1 week

31.3^a

71^c

40.0

[60]

VectoBac® (Not stated); Bactivec® (not stated)

–

Reduced^b

–

Reduced

[91]

Kakamega and Vihiga, Kenya

An. gambiae (s.l.); An. funestus

VectoBac® WDG; VectoBac® CG; VectoLex® WDG; VectoLex® CG

1 week

85.9^b

73.1^d

–

[10]

Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

An. gambiae (s.l.); An. funestus; An. coustani

VectoBac® WDG (0.4 kg/ha); VectoBac® CG (10.0 kg/ha)

1 week

72.0^b

32.0^d

Reduced

[32]

Kinshasa, Zaire^g

An. gambiae (s.l.)

VectoLex® G (10.0 kg/ha)

2 weeks

13.6^a

39.9^d,f

–

[51]

Western, Kenya

An. gambiae (s.l.); An. funestus

FourStar® Briquettes (1 briq/100 ft²)

Once

60.0–85.0^b

–

–

[47]

Nouna, Burkina Faso

An. gambiae (s.l.); An. funestus

VectoBac® WDG (not stated)

10 days

72–80^b

–

–

[61]

Bobirwa, Botswana

An. arabiensis

VectoBac® 12 AS (2.0 l/ha); VectoBac® G (2.0 g/m²)

Once

Reduced^b

Reduced^c

Decreased

[81]

Eritrea

An. arabiensis

VectoBac® G (11.2 kg/ha); VectoLex® CG (22.4 kg/ha)

1 week

Significantly reduced^b

–

–

[89]

Tiémélékro, Côte d’Ivoire

An. gambiae (s.l.); An. funestus (s.l.)

VectoBac® (0.8 mg/l); VectoLex® (10 mg/l)

3 weeks

Significantly reduced^a

Significantly reduced^d

–

[85]

Maroua, Cameroon

An. gambiae (s.l.); An. funestus;

Bs strain 2362 (10 g/m²)

3 rounds

Reduced^a

Reduced^c

–

[18]

Cotonou, Benin

Anopheles

Bti (50 mg/l)

2 weeks

Reduced^a

–

Reduced

[22]

Gambia

An. gambiae (s.l.)

VectoBac® WDG (0.2 kg/ha); VectoBac® CG (5.0 kg/ha)

1 week

Limited^b

Unsatisfactory^c

No effect

[50]