Table 4 Summary of macrocyclic lactone preventives for efficacy against Dirofilaria immitis (JYD-34 strain) in dogs
Compound | Day inoculated with L3a | Treatment regimen | Results | Reference | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Macrocyclic lactone dose | Day | No. of dogs with worms | Meanb (range) | Efficacy (%) | |||
Moxidectin (ProHeart® tablets) | − 30 | 3 µg/kg | 0 | 8 of 8 | 29.1 (20–39) | 19.0 | McTier et al. [32]; this paper |
− 30 | 3 µg/kg | 0, 30, 60 | 8 of 8 | 20.0 (7–36) | 44.4 | McTier et al. [32]; this paper | |
− 30 | 6 µg/kg | 0 | 8 of 8 | 26.8 (19–43) | 25.5 | This paper | |
− 30 | 12 µg/kg | 0 | 8 of 8 | 24.0 (17–35) | 33.3 | This paper | |
− 30 | 24 µg/kg | 0 | 8 of 8 | 16.8 (7–29) | 53.2 | This paper | |
− 30 | 24 µg/kg | 0, 28, 56 | 1 of 5 | 0.2 (0–2) | 98.8 | This paper | |
− 30 | 40 µg/kg | 0, 28, 56 | 0 of 5 | 0 | 100 | This paper | |
− 30 | 60 µg/kg | 0, 28, 56 | 0 of 5 | 0 | 100 | This paper | |
Moxidectin—injectable (ProHeart® 6) | 2 | 0.17 mg/kg | 0 | 1 of 6 | 0.1 (0–1) | 99.5 | Bowman et al. [29] |
Moxidectin—topical (Advantage® Multi: imidacloprid/moxidectin) | − 30 | 2.8–6.7 mg/kg | 0 | 0 of 8 | 0 | 100 | Blagburn et al. [25]c |
Ivermectin—oral (Heartgard®Plus Chewables for Dogs: ivermectin/pyrantel pamoate) | − 30 | 6.2–11.9 μg/kg | 0, 31, 60 | 8 of 8 | 13.1 (5–19) | 29.0 | Blagburn et al. [25] |
Selamectin—topical (Revolution®) | − 30 | 6.6–13.1 mg/kg | 0, 31, 60 | 8 of 8 | 8.8 (3–18) | 28.8 | Blagburn et al. [25] |
Milbemycin oxime—oral (Trifexis® Chewables for Dogs: milbemycin oxime/spinosad) | − 30 | 0.5–1.0 mg/kg | 0, 31, 60 | 8 of 8 | 13.1 (9–18) | 52.2 | Blagburn et al. [25] |
Milbemycin oxime—oral (Interceptor®: milbemycin oxime) | − 30, − 23d | 0.92 ± 0.15 mg/kge | 0 | 8 of 8 | 9.3 (0–39) | 58.2 | McCall et al. [55] |
Milbemycin oxime (NexGard Spectra®) | − 30 | 0.5–1.0 mg/kg | 0, 30 | na | na | 76.1 | NexGard Spectra® EPAR, 2014 [44] |
Milbemycin oxime (NexGard Spectra®) | − 30 | 0.5–1.0 mg/kg | 0, 30, 60 | na | na | 72.2 | NexGard Spectra® EPAR, 2014 [44] |
Milbemycin oxime (NexGard Spectra®) | − 30 | 0.5–1.0 mg/kg | 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 | na | na | 72.0 | NexGard Spectra® EPAR, 2014 [44] |