Epidemiological data | Total no. of dogs (%) | Number of positive dogs (%) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
L. infantum | D. immitis | E. canis | Anaplasma spp. | B. burgdorferi | Any seropositive | ||
Number of dogs | 556 | 50 (8.99) | 1 (0.18) | 5 (0.90) | 7 (1.26) | 4 (0.72) | 63 (11.33) |
Prevalence (%) (95% CI) | 8.99 ± 1.21 (6.61–11.37) | 0.18 ± 0.18 (0–0.53) | 0.90 ± 0.40 (0.11–1.69) | 1.26 ± 0.47 (0.33–2.19) | 0.72 ± 0.36 (0.02–1.42) | 11.33 ± 1.34 (8.70–13.96) | |
Clinical signs suggestive of vector-borne diseases | 556 | ||||||
Yes | 283 (50.90) | 43 (15.19)* | 1 (0.35) | 5 (1.77) | 3 (1.06) | 2 (0.71) | 51 (18.02)* |
No | 273 (49.10) | 7 (2.56) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (1.47) | 2 (0.73) | 12 (4.40) |
Season of sample collection | 545 | ||||||
Spring | 158 (28.99) | 15 (9.49) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.63) | 0 (0) | 16 (10.13) |
Summer | 118 (21.65) | 7 (5.93) | 0 (0) | 4 (3.39)* | 1 (0.85) | 1 (0.85) | 11 (9.32) |
Autumn | 155 (28.44) | 14 (9.03) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.65) | 1 (0.65) | 0 (0) | 15 (9.68) |
Winter | 114 (20.92) | 11 (9.65) | 1 (0.88) | 0 (0) | 4 (3.51) | 2 (1.75) | 17 (14.91) |
Age | 543 | ||||||
Puppy (< 1–year-old) | 64 (11.79) | 1 (1.56) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.56) | 0 (0) | 2 (3.13) |
Young (1–5 years-old) | 234 (43.09) | 19 (8.12) | 1 (0.43) | 1 (0.43) | 3 (1.28) | 3 (1.28) | 25 (10.68) |
Adult (5–10-years-old) | 187 (34.44) | 17 (9.09) | 0 (0) | 3 (1.60) | 3 (1.60) | 1 (0.53) | 23 (12.30) |
Old (> 10 years-old) | 58 (10.68) | 10 (17.24)* | 0 (0) | 1 (1.72) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 10 (17.24) |
Breed | 554 | ||||||
Yes | 397 (71.66) | 38 (9.57) | 1 (0.25) | 3 (0.76) | 4 (1.01) | 1 (0.25) | 44 (11.08) |
No | 157 (28.34) | 12 (7.64) | 0 (0) | 2 (1.27) | 3 (1.91) | 3 (1.91) | 19 (12.10) |
Sex | 556 | ||||||
Male | 315 (56.65) | 32 (10.16) | 1 (0.32) | 2 (0.63) | 5 (1.59) | 3 (0.95) | 41 (13.02) |
Female | 241 (43.35) | 18 (7.47) | 0 (0) | 3 (1.24) | 2 (0.83) | 1 (0.41) | 22 (9.13) |
Weight | 548 | ||||||
Small (< 10 kg) | 104 (18.98) | 6 (5.77) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (1.92) | 8 (7.69) |
Small-medium (10–20 kg) | 170 (31.02) | 19 (11.18) | 0 (0) | 4 (2.35) | 2 (1.18) | 1 (0.59) | 25 (14.71) |
Medium-large (> 20–30 kg) | 173 (31.57) | 18 (10.40) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (2.31) | 1 (0.58) | 21 (12.14) |
Large (> 30 kg) | 101 (18.43) | 6 (5.94) | 1 (0.99) | 1 (0.99) | 1 (0.99) | 0 (0) | 8 (7.92) |
Ticks infestation | 556 | ||||||
Yes | 64 (11.51) | 5 (7.81) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (3.13) | 1 (1.56) | 8 (12.5) |
No | 492 (88.49) | 45 (9.15) | 1 (1.2) | 5 (1.02) | 5 (1.02) | 3 (0.61) | 55 (11.18) |
Use of ectoparasiticides | 556 | ||||||
Yes | 362 (65.11) | 33 (9.12) | 0 (0) | 4 (1.10) | 4 (1.10) | 1 (0.28) | 39 (10.77) |
No | 194 (34.89) | 17 (8.76) | 1 (0.52) | 1 (0.52) | 3 (1.55) | 3 (1.55) | 24 (12.37) |
Living outdoor/indoor | 545 | ||||||
Indoor | 219 (40.18) | 13 (5.94) | 0 (0) | 4 (1.83) | 1 (0.46) | 0 (0) | 17 (7.76) |
Outdoor | 164 (30.09) | 23 (14.02)* | 1 (0.61) | 0 (0) | 2 (1.22) | 2 (1.22) | 19 (11.63) |
Mixed | 162 (29.72) | 14 (8.68) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.62) | 4 (2.47) | 2 (1.23) | 27 (16.46)* |
Living area | 544 | ||||||
Urban | 203 (37.32) | 13 (6.4) | 0 (0) | 4 (1.97) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 16 (7.88) |
Periurban | 120 (22.06) | 11 (9.17) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.83) | 0 (0) | 12 (10) |
Rural | 221 (40.63) | 26 (11.76) | 1 (0.45) | 1 (0.45) | 6 (2.71)* | 4 (1.81)* | 35 (15.84)* |
National travel history | 556 | ||||||
Yes | 165 (29.68) | 12 (7.27) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (2.42) | 0 (0) | 16 (9.7) |
No | 391 (70.32) | 38 (9.72) | 1 (0.26) | 5 (1.28) | 3 (0.77) | 4 (1.02) | 47 (12.02) |
International travel history | 556 | ||||||
Yes | 42 (7.57) | 3 (7.14) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.38) | 0 (0) | 4 (9.52) |
No | 514 (92.43) | 47 (9.16) | 1 (0.19) | 5 (0.97) | 6 (1.17) | 4 (0.78) | 59 (11.5) |
Clinical signs suggestive of: | 283 | ||||||
Anaplasmosis | 71 (12.77) | 2 (2.82) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.41) | 3 (4.23)* | 1 (1.41) | 6 (8.45) |
Ehrlichiosis | 126 (22.66) | 7 (5.56) | 0 (0) | 3 (2.38) | 1 (0.79) | 1 (0.79) | 10 (7.94) |
Dirofilariosis | 33 (5.94) | 2 (6.06) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (6.06) |
Leishmaniasis | 127 (22.84) | 32 (25.20)* | 0 (0) | 1 (0.79) | 1 (0.79) | 1 (0.79) | 33 (25.98)* |
Borreliosis | 50 (8.99) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) | 1 (2) |
Autonomous communities | 556 | ||||||
Aragon | 57 (10.25) | 14 (24.56)a,b,c,d | 0 (0) | 1 (1.75) | 1 (1.75) | 0 (0) | 15 (26.32)h,i |
Asturias | 79 (14.21) | 1 (1.27)a,e | 0 (0) | 1 (1.27) | 2 (2.53) | 2 (2.53) | 6 (7.59) |
Basque Country | 80 (14.39) | 4 (5)b | 0 (0) | 1 (1.25) | 2 (2.5) | 0 (0) | 6 (7.50) |
Cantabria | 91 (16.37) | 3 (3.3)c,f | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.10) | 0 (0) | 4 (4.40)h,j |
Catalonia | 97 (17.45) | 13 (13.40) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.03) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.06) | 15 (15.46) |
Galicia | 80 (14.39) | 2 (2.50)d,g | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.50)i,k |
Navarra | 72 (12.95) | 13 (18.06)e,f,g | 1 (1.39) | 1 (1.39) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 15 (20.83)j,k |