Fig. 4

The effect of a combination of fucose-mannose ligand (FML) with glycyrrhizin (GL) on the production of IL-10 by activated macrophages. Treatment with FML together with GL at 10 and 20 μg/ml concentrations significantly reduced IL-10 production by activated macrophages compared to FML treatment alone. Results are expressed as the mean ± SD of triplicate cultures. Results represent the mean (mean ± SD) of three independent experiments with macrophages from seven mice per experiment (**P < 0.01). Abbreviations: PBS, phosphate-buffered saline