Table 1 Description of the environmental variables evaluated at the micro- and mesoscale on the Argentine side of the border with Paraguay and Brazil

Mesoscale

Tree_25-50-100-250

Percentage of tree cover at different buffers

0 to 100

Herbaceous_25-50-100-250

Percentage of herbaceous cover at different buffers

0 to 100

Soil_25-50-100-250

Percentage of soil cover at different buffers

0 to 100

Urban_25-50-100-250

Percentage of impervious cover at different buffers

0 to 100

Water_25-50-100-250

Percentage of water cover at different buffers

0 to 100

Crops_25-50-100-250

Percentage of crops cover at different buffers

0 to 100

N_cob_25-50-100-250

Cover number

1 to 6

Shannon_25-50-100-250

Diversity index

0 to 5

Ndvi_25-50-100-250

Average value of the NDVI index

0 to 1

Ndwi_25-50-100-250

Average value of the NDWI index

0 to 1

Paved road

Presence/absence

Yes/No

Drinking water service

Presence/absence

Yes/No

Electrical energy

Presence/absence

Yes/No

Garbage collection service

Presence/absence

Yes/No

Public sewer connection

Presence/absence

Yes/No

Street lighting

Presence/absence

Yes/No

Servic_index

An index of public services was constructed from the presence of 6 services from 0 (no service) to 1 (all services)

0 to 1

Microscale

Houses garbage

Area covered with garbage from an area > 1 m², to < 1 m², to an area without garbage

0, 1, 2

Fallen leaves and fruits

Area covered with fallen leaves and fruits from an area > 1 m², to < 1 m², to an area without fallen leaves and fruits

0, 1, 2

Flooded land

Area flooded > 1 m², or < 1 m², or no flooded area

0, 1, 2

Land

Presence in 10 × 10 m around the trap

Yes/No

Lawn

Presence in 10 × 10 m around the trap

Yes/No

Shrubs

Presence in 10 × 10 m around the trap

Yes/No

Trees

Presence in 10 × 10 m around the trap

Yes/No

Cement

Presence in 10 × 10 m around the trap

Yes/No

Chicks

Presence/absence

Yes/No

Insecticide

Use of insecticides

Yes/No

Hosted people

No. of people sleeping the night before sampling

0 to 15

Rodents

Presence/absence (by recall of householders)

Yes/No

Weasels

Presence/absence (by recall of householders)

Yes/No

Small mammals

Presence/absence, mix rodents + weasels (by recall of householders)

Yes/No

Chickens

Presence/absence

Yes/No

Rchickens

The variable was recoded based on the no. of chickens (n = 0, 1 ≥ n ≤ 10, n ˃ 10, respectively)

0, 1, 2

Dogs

Presence/absence

Yes/No

Ndogs

No. of dogs

0 to 8

Rdogs

The variable was recoded based on “Ndogs” (n = 0, n = 1, 2, n ˃ 2, respectively)

0, 1, 2

Positive baits

Proportion of positive baits

0 to 1

Baits

Refers to which blood sources were present around the trap (1 × 1 m): 0 (none), 1 (dogs present), 2 (chickens present) and 3 (dogs and chickens present)