Table 1. The prevalence of helminths and protozoan infections of subjects in relation to personal and familial characteristics of subjects

Immigration

 First arrival

2304

92.6

7.2 (6.15–8.26)

1

12.1 (10.75–13.40)

1

 Has previously visited

182

7.4

4.9 (2.09–10.83)

0.670 (0.337–1.334)

6.6 (3.20–12.84)

0.514 (0.283–0.936)

 Statistical test

\(\chi_{1}^{2}\) = 1.45, P = 0.23

χ ²₁  = 5.64, P = 0.018

Religion

 Buddhist

76

3.1

5.3 (1.73–13.68)

1

5.3 (1.73–13.68)

1

 Christian

695

28

5.9 (4.37–7.84)

1.128 (0.393–3.241)

9.6 (7.67–12.00)

1.920 (0.680–5.422)

 Hindu

532

21.4

6.6 (5.13–8.35)

1.268 (0.438–3.672)

15.0 (12.87–17.45)

3.186 (1.132–8.964)

 Muslim

1178

47.5

8.1 (6.53–9.86)

1.579 (0.565–4.416)

11.7 (9.88–13.55)

2.388 (0.859–6.640)

 Sikh

5^a

–

0 (0–50.00)

–

20.0 (1.03–65.74)

–

 Statistical test

\(\chi_{3}^{2}\) = 3.84, P = 0.28

χ ²₃  = 12.07, P = 0.007

Education

 None

566

22.8

7.6 (6.00–9.52)

1

15.2 (12.97–17.69)

1

 Elementary school only

819

32.9

7.6 (5.70–9.94)

0.996 (0.665–1.493)

13.1 (10.61–15.96)

0.839 (0.617–1.140)

 Up to intermediate school

287

11.5

7.0 (4.73–10.07)

0.911 (0.525–1.580)

11.5 (8.55–15.22)

0.725 (0.472–1.114)

 Up to high school

575

23.1

6.1 (4.65–7.86)

0.788 (0.497–1.251)

9.4 (7.60–11.50)

0.578 (0.403–0.831)

 Graduate/postgraduate

239

9.6

6.3 (4.30–9.00)

0.814 (0.443–1.496)

4.2 (2.63–6.50)

0.244 (0.124–0.478)

 Statistical test

\(\chi_{4}^{2}\) = 1.66, P = 0.80

χ ²₄  = 27.6, P < 0.001

Job/profession^b

 Blue collar worker

870

35

8.0 (6.07–10.58)

1

13.0 (10.47–15.99)

1

 Pink collar worker

167

6.7

4.8 (2.08–10.25)

0.575 (0.271–1.219)

8.4 (4.46–14.88)

0.613 (0.343–1.097)

 White collar worker

67

2.7

6.0 (2.30–13.81)

0.726 (0.257–2.052)

7.5 (3.18–15.80)

0.540 (0.213–1.373)

 Housemaid

1231

49.5

7.0 (5.59–8.63)

0.858 (0.68–1.192)

11.4 (9.60–13.15)

0.860 (0.660–1.120)

 Food handler

151

6.1

4.6 (2.08–9.66)

0.556 (0.250–1.233)

11.9 (7.38–18.49)

0.907 (0.533–1.541)

 Statistical test

\(\chi_{4}^{2}\) = 4.37, P = 0.36

\(\chi_{4}^{2}\) = 4.75, P = 0.31

Monthly income

 600–999 QR

1196

48.1

7.6 (6.13–9.34)

1

11.0 (9.26–12.81)

1

 1000–1499 QR

783

31.5

7.2 (5.37–9.40)

0.935 (0.662–1.322)

12.4 (10.05–15.16)

1.140 (0.862–1.507)

 1500–2999 QR

413

16.7

6.1 (3.67–9.75)

0.782 (0.495–1.236)

12.8 (9.18–17.61)

1.187 (0.844–1.668)

 > 2999 QR

94

3.8

3.2 (0.53–12.00)

0.400 (0.124–1.290)

8.5 (3.23–19.10)

0.750 (0.355–1.582)

 Statistical test

\(\chi_{3}^{2}\) = 3.87, P = 0.28

\(\chi_{3}^{2}\) = 2.38, P = 0.50

No. of siblings

 0

82

3.3

3.7 (0.82–11.79)

1

11.0 (5.11–21.35)

1

 1

240

9.7

5.8 (3.94–8.50)

1.631 (0.457–5.826)

12.1 (9.28–15.53)

1.115 (0.504–2.466)

 2

431

17.3

6.7 (4.14–10.67)

1.900 (0.565–6.389)

12.1 (8.42–16.81)

1.113 (0.525–2.357)

 3

439

17.7

5.7 (3.34–9.45)

1.590 (0.469–5.394)

9.1 (5.99–13.62)

0.813 (0.378–1.747)

 4

401

16.1

8.2 (5.43–12.32)

2.361 (0.707–7.893)

14.5 (10.60–19.30)

1.372 (0.650–2.893)

 5

309

12.4

8.1 (5.61–11.57)

2.318 (0.682–7.877)

7.8 (5.34–11.18)

0.683 (0.304–1.532)

 6

221

8.9

8.6 (6.34–11.57)

2.477 (0.713–8.603)

16.3 (13.13–19.96)

1.578 (0.724–3.440)

 > 6^c

363

14.6

7.4 (4.90–11.12)

2.116 (0.626–7.151)

11.6 (8.28–15.82)

1.061 (0.495–2.277)

 Statistical test

\(\chi_{7}^{2}\) = 5.8, P = 0.56

χ ²₇  = 15.2, P = 0.033

Father’s education

 None

1550

62.3

7.1 (5.82–8.38)

1

14.6 (12.82–16.34)

1

 Elementary school only

495

19.9

8.1 (5.02–12.75)

1.151 (0.789–1.678)

7.3 (4.38–11.74)

0.459 (0.318–0.663)

 Up to intermediate school

109

4.4

9.2 (5.71–14.32)

1.322 (0.671–2.607)

7.3 (4.33–12.08

0.464 (0.223–0.966)

 Up to high school

225

9.1

4.0 (2.51–6.20)

0.545 (0.272–1.092)

5.8 (3.93–8.34)

0.359 (0.202–0.640)

 Graduate/post–graduate

107

4.3

5.6 (3.07–9.85)

0.778 (0.334–1.812)

6.5 (3.76–11.02)

0.410 (0.188–0.894)

 Statistical test

\(\chi_{4}^{2}\) = 5.57, P = 0.23

χ ²₄  = 37.0, P < 0.001

Father’s occupation/profession

 None

1160

46.9

6.8 (5.39–8.49)

1

12.6 (10.68–14.50)

1

 Blue collar worker

1106

44.7

7.4 (5.90–9.20)

1.096 (0.795–1.510)

11.9 (10.02–13.85)

0.941 (0.732–1.210)

 White collar worker

207

8.4

6.3 (4.38–8.82)

0.917 (0.500–1.681)

5.3 (3.61–7.69)

0.390 (0.207–0.733)

 Unknown^d

13

 Statistical test

\(\chi_{2}^{2}\) = 0.52, P = 0.77

χ ²₂  = 10.93, P = 0.004

Mother’s education

 None

1703

68.5

6.9 (5.67–8.07)

1

14.6 (12.33–15.62)

1

 Elementary school only

440

17.7

9.5 (6.31–14.08)

1.430 (0.989–2.069)

7.5 (4.72–11.68)

0.449 (0.341–0.730)

 Up to intermediate school

81

3.3

3.7 (0.85–11.78)

0.521 (0.162–1.677)

8.6 (3.60–18.32)

0.582 (0.265–1.279)

 Up to high school

201

8.1

3.5 (2.15–5.45)

0.489 (0.225–1.064)

4.5 (2.95–6.65)

0.289 (0.146–0.571)

 Graduate/postgraduate

61

2.5

9.8 (4.93–18.17)

1.479 (0.624–3.506)

4.9 (1.77–12.06)

0.318 (0.099–1.024)

 Statistical test

χ ²₁  = 10.92, P = 0.027

χ ²₄  = 33.7, P < 0.001

Mother’s Job/profession

 None

2196

88.3

7.0 (5.94–8.08)

1

12.1 (10.70–13.43)

1

 Blue collar worker

218

8.8

6.0 (4.10–8.53)

0.841 (0.469–1.508)

10.1 (7.58–13.19)

0.818 (0.517–1.294)

 White collar worker

72

2.9

11.1 (5.45–20.71)

1.657 (0.781–3.520)

4.2 (1.18–11.79)

0.317 (0.099–1.014)

 Statistical test

\(\chi_{2}^{2}\) = 0.52, P = 0.77

χ ²₂  = 5.95, P< = 0.051)