Fig. 6

Average abundance of Anopheles larvae across ecological zones in dry and wet seasons, western Zambia. Boxes indicate the interquartile range (IQ) of total values per transect point, with median plotted as bold line; whiskers extend to minimum and maximum values within 1.5 times the IQ; outliers (values within 1.5 to 3 times the IQ) are indicated by circles, and extreme values (> 3 times the IQ) by asterisks. a total anopheline larvae per ten dips; b total An. coustani group larvae; c total An. spp O/15; d total An. squamosus; e proportion of unknown anophelines per transect point. Taxon-specific totals (b–d) are the product of total anopheline count and species proportion in the subsample from each transect point, standardized per ten dips. Within panels, letters in italics denote statistical comparisons. Ecological zones that do not share a letter within a panel are significantly different. Lower case letters refer to median values (independent-samples median test); upper case letters refer to distribution (Kruskal-Wallis test); stepwise step-down comparisons with adjusted p-value for multiple comparisons. Nsd indicates no significant differences within panel. Dry season sampling undertaken Sept–Oct 2017 (left column); wet season sampling May–June 2018 after peak inundation (right column)