Fig. 4

Quinazolines CBR417 and CBR490 are effective in killing worms at high concentrations and reduce Wolbachia numbers at low concentrations. B. pahangi adult females were treated with two novel anti-Wolbachia compounds, CBR417 and CBR490, for 3 days, in vitro. These compounds showed worm killing without Wolbachia reduction at 10 and 100 µM and worm survival with reduced Wolbachia titers at 1 µM. X-axis shows compound concentrations in µM. The same DMSO control worms were used as a comparator for both CBR417 and CBR490. Both compounds showed a positive correlation between antibiotic concentration and wsp/gst ratio (r ≥ 0.6) and a negative correlation between worm motility and wsp/gst ratio (r ≤ −0.9). The difference between 1 and 100 µM CBR490 was statistically significant (*P < 0.05). Inhibition of worm motility compared to DMSO controls at 10 and 100 µM for both compounds was statistically significant (P < 0.0001)