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Table 1 Frequency of detected hosts per Culicoides spp. with corresponding percentage collected in the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (Romania) during 2017

From: Blood-meal analysis of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) reveals a broad host range and new species records for Romania

Host

C. griseidorsum n (%)

C. kibunensis n (%)

C. punctatus n (%)

C. punctatus P n (%)

C. riethi n (%)

C. subfasciipennis/C. pallidicornis n (%)

C. submaritimus n (%)

Unknown Culicoides sp. n (%)

Host information without Culicoides identification n (%)

Total n (%)

Mammals (n = 1064, 92%)

Bos taurus L.

170 (63.9)

4 (5.2)

207 (85.9)

163 (81.1)

8 (80.0)

188 (83.2)

1 (11.1)

2 (11.1)

74 (68.5)

817 (70.7)

Bubalus bubalis (Kerr)

  

1 (0.4)

  

1 (0.4)

   

2 (0.2)

Canis lupus familiaris (L.)

 

4 (5.2)

   

3 (1.3)

   

7 (0.6)

Capra hircus L.

46 (17.3)

1 (1.3)

3 (1.2)

1 (0.5)

1 (10.0)

1 (0.4)

   

53 (4.6)

Capreolus capreolus (L.)

 

1 (1.3)

       

1 (0.1)

Equus caballus L.

15 (5.6)

 

9 (3.7)

3 (1.5)

1 (10.0)

4 (1.8)

 

1 (5.6)

5 (4.6)

38 (3.3)

Felis catus L.

 

1 (1.3)

   

1 (0.4)

   

2 (0.2)

Homo sapiens L.

3 (1.1)

10 (13.0)

5 (2.1)

4 (2.0)

 

4 (1.8)

5 (55.6)

2 (11.1)

10 (9.3)

43 (3.7)

Sus scrofa L.

28 (10.5)

3 (3.9)

16 (6.6)

29 (14.4)

 

22 (9.7)

  

3 (2.8)

101 (8.7)

Birds (n = 92, 8%)

Acrocephalus arundinaceus (L.)

 

1 (1.3)

   

1 (0.4)

   

2 (0.2)

Acrocephalus scirpaceus (Hermann)

 

13 (16.9)

       

13 (1.1)

Ardea cinerea L.

 

1 (1.3)

       

1 (0.1)

Ardea purpurea L.

 

6 (7.8)

      

1 (0.9)

7 (0.6)

Columba palumbus L.

 

1 (1.3)

     

1 (5.6)

 

2 (0.2)

Coracias garrulus L.

 

2 (2.6)

     

3 (16.7)

 

5 (0.4)

Corvus corone L.

1 (0.4)

6 (7.8)

    

3 (33.3)

 

6 (5.6)

16 (1.4)

Cyanistes caeruleus (L.)

 

4 (5.2)

 

1 (0.5)

   

1 (5.6)

 

6 (0.5)

Emberiza schoeniclus (L.)

        

1 (0.9)

1 (0.1)

Falco tinnunculus L.

       

1 (5.6)

1 (0.9)

2 (0.2)

Gallinula chloropus (L.)

 

3 (3.9)

       

3 (0.3)

Gallus gallus (Gmelin)

2 (0.8)

2 (2.6)

     

2 (11.1)

 

6 (0.5)

Hirundo rustica L.

       

2 (11.1)

 

2 (0.2)

Meleagris gallopovo L.

        

1 (0.9)

1 (0.1)

Motacilla alba L.

 

1 (1.3)

       

1 (0.1)

Nycticorax nycticorax (L.)

 

1 (1.3)

   

1 (0.4)

 

1 (5.6)

 

3 (0.3)

Parus major L.

 

1 (1.3)

      

3 (2.8)

4 (0.3)

Passer montanus (L.)

 

1 (1.3)

       

1 (0.1)

Phalacrocorax carbo (L.)

        

2 (1.9)

2 (0.2)

Streptopelia decaocto (Frivaldszky)

       

2 (11.1)

 

2 (0.2)

Strix aluco L.

 

1 (1.3)

       

1 (0.1)

Sylvia borin (Boddaert)

1 (0.4)

4 (5.2)

       

5 (0.4)

Tito alba (Scopoli)

 

1 (1.3)

       

1 (0.1)

Asio otus (L.)

 

2 (2.6)

       

2 (0.2)

Tito alba/Asio otus

 

2 (2.6)

      

1 (0.9)

3 (0.3)

Culicoides specimens without host identification

11

26

7

6

2

19

1

21

  

Total biting midge specimens

276a

102b

248

207

12

242c

8d

39e

  
  1. aIncluding one mixed blood meal: Bos taurus + Gallus gallus
  2. bIncluding one mixed blood meal: Sus scrofa + Homo sapiens
  3. cIncluding three mixed blood meals: Bos taurus + Canis lupus familiaris; Sus scrofa + Acrocephalus arundinaceus; Bos taurus + Nycticorax nycticorax
  4. dIncluding two mixed blood meals: Corvus corone + Homo sapiens
  5. eIncluding one mixed blood meal: Equus caballus + Hirundo rustica
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