Fig. 1

Differences in microbial alpha diversity between helminth-infected and uninfected mothers (a) and children (b) and principal component analysis (unweighted UniFrac distance) of gut microbial profiles of mothers (c) and children (d) clustered by infection status (orange squares and blue dots represent samples from infected and uninfected individuals, respectively). Abbreviations: MP, mother helminth-positive group; MN, mother helminth-negative group; CP, children helminth-positive group; CN, children helminth-negative group