Monitoring the patterns of submission and presence of tick-borne pathogens in Ixodes scapularis collected from humans and companion animals in Ontario, Canada (2011–2017)

Table 2 Pathogen prevalence in blacklegged ticks submitted from humans and companion animals: Ontario, Canada (2011–2017)

Pathogen	Humans	Companion animals	All hosts
Pathogen	Infection prevalence, maximum likelihood estimate % (95% CI)
B. burgdorferi*	17.5 (16.97–18.09)	9.9 (9.15–10.78)	15.8 (15.35–16.30)
B. miyamotoi**	0.35 (0.25–0.47)	0.39 (0.22–0.65)	0.36 (0.27–0.46)
A. phagocytophilum*	0.43 (0.34–0.54)	0.41 (0.26–0.60)	0.43 (0.35–0.52)
Ba. microti^†	0.054 (0.022–0.11)	0.056 (0.010–0.18)	0.050 (0.025–0.10)

Co-infections^‡	Infection prevalence, % (no. samples pos./no. samples tested)
B. burgdorferi + B. miyamotoi**	0.11 (11/10,368)	0.16 (4/2479)	0.12 (15/12,847)
B. burgdorferi + A. phagocytophilum*	0.087 (9/10,368)	0.12 (3/2479)	0.093 (12/12,847)
B. burgdorferi + Ba. microti^†	0.029 (3/10,368)	0.0 (0/2479)	0.023 (3/12,847)

CI confidence interval
*Blacklegged tick samples collected and tested from 2011 through 2017
**Blacklegged tick samples collected and tested from 2014 through 2017
^†Blacklegged tick samples collected and tested from 2013 through 2017
^‡Co-infection prevalence for single-tick samples only, by PHU (all hosts): B. burgdorferi + B. miyamotoi: HAL (n = 1), HDN (1), HPE (1), LGL (3), NIA (3), NPS (1), OTT (1), REN (1), SMD (2) and WEC (1); B. burgdorferi + A. phagocytophilum: ALG (1), DUR (1), HKP (2), HUR (1), KFL (2), LGL (2), NWR (1), OTT (3), REN (1), THB (2) and TOR (2) [multiple-tick samples: HKP (2), KFL (1), LGL (1), OTT (2)]; and B. burgdorferi + Ba. microti: HAM (1), HKP (2), LGL (1), NWR (1) and TOR (1) [multiple-tick samples: HKP (1), LGL (1), NWR (1)]

ISSN: 1756-3305