Updated distribution of anopheline mosquitoes in Hokkaido, Japan, and the first evidence of Anopheles belenrae in Japan

Sawabe, Kyoko; Imanishi-Kobayashi, Nozomi; Maekawa, Yoshihide; Higa, Yukiko; Kim, Kyeong Soon; Hoshino, Keita; Tsuda, Yoshio; Hayashi, Toshihiko; Nihei, Naoko; Takai, Kenji; Kurihara, Takeshi; Kobayashi, Mutsuo

doi:10.1186/s13071-021-04995-w

Table 3 Percentage of pairwise divergence among five members of Anopheles hyrcanus group mosquitoes in Japan

From: Updated distribution of anopheline mosquitoes in Hokkaido, Japan, and the first evidence of Anopheles belenrae in Japan

	Specimens	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20
1	An. belenrae Akan44 and 9 others, Japan
2	An. belenrae isolate 3, South Korea	0
3	An. sinensis Yokohama08 and 3 others, Japan	13.25	13.25
4	An. sinensis isolate 1, South Korea	13.25	13.25	0
5	An. sinensis GLVN59, Vietnam	13.57	13.57	*0.26*	*0.26*
6	An. engarensis Abashiri02 and 8 others, Japan	13.27	13.27	13.88	13.88	14.2
7	An. engarensis Daisen55, Japan	14.26	14.26	14.86	14.86	15.19	*4.63*
8	An. kleini, South Korea	12.68	12.68	12	12	12.31	6.34	8.67
9	An. sineroides Fukagawa13 and Kushiro343, Japan	24.58	24.58	25.32	25.32	25.71	20.94	23.76	20.98
10	An. sineroides SINEK02, South Korea	24.58	24.58	25.32	25.32	25.71	20.94	23.76	20.98	0
11	An. sineroides Hida386, Japan	24.94	24.94	25.69	25.69	26.08	21.29	24.12	21.33	*0.26*	*0.26*
12	An. sineroides Toyama80, Japan	25.35	25.35	26.11	26.11	26.5	21.67	23.8	21.71	*0.8*	*0.8*	*1.06*
13	An. lesteri Abashiri01 and 4 others, Japan	34.94	34.94	33.37	33.37	33.82	28.39	32.06	28.8	28.86	28.86	29.24	28.86
14	An. lesteri Abashiri42, Japan	34.94	34.94	33.82	33.82	34.27	27.98	31.63	29.21	28.86	28.86	29.24	28.86	*0.26*
15	An. lesteri Kameda35, Japan	34.94	34.94	33.37	33.37	33.82	28.39	32.06	28.8	28.86	28.86	29.24	28.86	*0.26*	*0.53*
16	An. lesteri Kushiro501, Japan	35.35	35.35	33.77	33.77	34.22	28.77	31.67	29.18	29.24	29.24	29.62	29.24	*0.26*	*0.53*	*0.53*
17	An. lesteri Kameda38, Japan	36.73	36.73	35.49	35.49	35.95	30.36	34.13	30.78	30.5	30.5	30.89	30.5	*1.87*	*2.14*	*2.14*	*2.14*
18	An. anthropophagus SMMU-FK1, China	34.94	34.94	33.37	33.37	33.82	28.39	32.06	28.8	28.86	28.86	29.24	28.86	0	*0.26*	*0.26*	*0.26*	*1.87*
19	An. lesteri specimen 1, South Korea	36.88	36.88	36.68	36.68	37.15	31.81	34.35	32.23	32.71	32.71	33.11	32.71	*2.97*	*3.24*	*3.24*	*2.69*	*4.35*	*2.97*
20	An. lesteri specimen 2, South Korea	42.17	42.17	39.48	39.48	39.97	33.69	37.67	35.31	33.54	33.54	33.95	33.54	*6.9*	*7.2*	*7.2*	*7.19*	*8.67*	*6.9*	*8.96*
21	An. pullus, China	38.29	38.29	38.18	38.18	37.73	34.3	33.14	33.98	37.06	37.06	37.48	36.6	41.23	41.23	41.23	40.79	42.17	41.23	43.28	49.18

The number of base substitutions per site from between sequences are shown. Analyses were conducted using the Kimura 2-parameter model [25]. This analysis involved 46 nucleotide sequences. All ambiguous positions were removed for each sequence pair (pairwise deletion option). There were a total of 485 positions in the final dataset
Evolutionary analyses were conducted in MEGA X [26]
Specimens collected in this study are labeled with the species name, specimen name, and country listed in Table 1. Specimens found in GenBank are labeled with species name, specimen name, and country
Values denoted in italic and bold indicate ITS2 intraspecific differences

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ISSN: 1756-3305

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