Fig. 1

Hc-DAF-5 displays conserved features with homologues of Sno/Ski proteins. a Primary structures of Hc-DAF-5 and Ce-DAF-5 with signature domains and motifs. b Amino acid sequence alignment of Dach boxes (above) and SDS (below) of Sno/Ski proteins from Haemonchus contortus and other species. The triangle symbols below the SDS box represent conserved zinc-chelating residues. Accession numbers and abbreviations: Hs, H. sapiens (DACH1-NP_723968.1); Dm, D. melanogaster (DACH1-NP_723968.1); Mm, M. musculus (DACH-1-NP_001033699.1); Ce, C. elegans (DACH-1-NP_001021129.1); Dr, D. rerio (DACH1-XP_009304051.1); Hs, (Icy-XP_292349; Skate-XP_064560); Dm, (Iceskate-NP_651946.1); Hs, (SnoN-NP_005405.2; SKI-NP_003027); Dm, (Snowski-ABV53643.1;); Ec, E. caballus (SKI-NP_001075287.1); Mm, (SKI-NP035515.2); Dr, (SKI-NP_571013.1); Tc, T. canis (SKI-KHN86433.1); Bm, B. malayi (Snowski-AAQ93809.1); Ac, A. ceylanicum (SKI-EYB97253.1); Nb, N. brasiliensis (SKI-found in WormBase as NBR_0001757401); Cb, C. briggsae (DAF-5-XP_002631643.1); Ce, C. elegans (DAF-5-NP_496941.1). c A rooted neighbour-joining tree showing the relationships of DAF-5 in H. contortus with 17 homologues from eight other organisms. The tree is calculated using the Jones-Taylor-Thornton model in MEGA 6.0. Nodal support values for each clade are colour-coded. These eight species include four nematodes (C. briggsae: DAF-5; C. elegans: DAF-5, DACH-1, MAB-31; N. brasiliensis: SKI; T. canis: SKI), one insect (D. melanogaster: Snowski, Iceskate, Dachshund), one fish (D. rerio: SKI, Dachshund), and two mammals (H. sapiens: SKI, SnoN, Icy, Skate, DACH-1; M. musculus: SKI, Dachshund). The accession numbers of 17 molecules are given to the right of each molecule’s name. Ce-MAB-31 is used as the outgroup